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Fifty-two RA cases with rumen fluid pH \u22645.5 at the time of necropsy were selected. Cases were classified as acute or subacute RA based on their clinical histories; 7 animals were included as controls. In rumen histologic sections, the number, length, and width of ruminal papillae and the thickness of the mucosal epithelium and stratum corneum were measured. Univariable linear mixed models were used to compare groups. Eleven of 28 acute cases (39%) had small (&lt;150 \u00b5m in diameter) pustules within the ruminal epithelium. Histomorphometry of acute cases differed from control cases only by shorter ruminal papillae, highlighting the scant morphologic changes in this group. In cases of subacute RA (n = 24), the rumen papillae were shorter and wider than in control animals, and there was epithelial hyperplasia, parakeratotic hyperkeratosis, and, in 19\/24 cases (79%), there were numerous intraepithelial pustules (150-500 \u00b5m in diameter). There was a higher number of ruminal papillae in subacute RA cases when compared with acute RA cases. Subacute RA cases had wider rumen papillae and thicker epithelium than acute RA cases. Our study highlights the distinctive lesions and histomorphometry of the rumen in cattle with acute and subacute RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858251339889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T07:51:49Z","timestamp":1747986709000},"page":"939-948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pathology of ruminal acidosis in cattle"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Streitenberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Davis, Woodland, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rearte","family":"Ramiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7744-8052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio A","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6178-4801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Asin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Davis, San Bernardino, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Davis, San Bernardino, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3600-0988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Gonzales-Viera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Davis, Woodland, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7612-6713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asli","family":"Mete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Davis, Woodland, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma H.","family":"Torii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Davis, Woodland, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0681-1878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco A.","family":"Uzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Davis, San Bernardino, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2017.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-6499"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(92)90036-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870201400510"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1998.761315x"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"559","article-title":"Ruminal acidosis in a 21-month-old Holstein heifer","volume":"55","author":"Golder HM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Golder HM, Celi P, Lean IJ. 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