{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T18:33:05Z","timestamp":1777919585804,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Royal Veterinary College\u2019s MSc in Wild Animal Biology"},{"name":"King\u2019s College London\u2019s MSc in Analytical Toxicology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Yptb) is a gram-negative bacterium that can cause sporadic fatal infections in humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. We describe an outbreak of Yptb in a captive collection of 222 Seba\u2019s short-tailed bats (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Carollia perspicillata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), 50 of which died of confirmed (39 of 222, 17.6%) or suspected (11 of 222; 5.0%) Yptb infection. Females were more likely to be infected than males (odds ratio: 3.4), and non-pregnant females were more likely to be infected than pregnant females (odds ratio: 13.6). The most common gross lesions were multifocal cream\/white discolorations and\/or nodules (30 of 39, 77%) in the liver, followed by splenomegaly (23 of 39, 59%) and mesenteric lymphadenomegaly (9 of 39, 23%); 5 of 39 (13%) animals had no gross lesions. Histology was performed on the livers of 33 confirmed Yptb-positive animals, with the most common findings being extramedullary hematopoiesis (27 of 33, 82%) and pyogranulomatous or suppurative hepatitis (20 of 33, 61%). Hemosiderosis was observed in 32 of 33 (97%) cases and in 27 of 27 (100%) control animals that were not infected with Yptb. Solution inductively coupled mass spectrometry showed that infected bats had an average of 1.7\u00d7 more hepatic iron than uninfected bats (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .0067); this was corroborated by image analysis of Perl\u2019s stained sections (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .0001), but laser ablation on a subset of cases was not significant (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .1051). We hypothesize that hemosiderosis favors the systemic spread of Yptb by limiting the efficacy of hepcidin-mediated iron depletion, and that limiting dietary iron may protect captive wildlife from bacterial infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858251343017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:37:47Z","timestamp":1750221467000},"page":"1024-1036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hemosiderosis is associated with increased susceptibility to\n                    <i>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis<\/i>\n                    infection in Seba\u2019s short-tailed bats (\n                    <i>Carollia perspicillata<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9621-2192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Spiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoological Society of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6772-2054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3659-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Arnaout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ethan","family":"Wrigglesworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoological Society of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaheed K.","family":"Macgregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoological Society of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4585-9336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinto K.","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoological Society of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stamatios A.","family":"Tahas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Zoo, Frederiksberg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Nye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3763-5846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander P.","family":"Morrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.14043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.001485"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1638\/2020-0002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6638.1736-a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.5.1659-1668.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/003655201750313450"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bcmd.2001.0386"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"532","article-title":"Pseudotuberculosis in marmosets, tamarins, and Goeldi\u2019s monkeys (Callithrichidae\/Callimiconidae) housed at a European zoo","volume":"30","author":"Bielli M","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bielli M, Lauzi S, Pratelli A, et al. 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