{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:14:45Z","timestamp":1788455685889,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory"},{"name":"Northwest ZooPath"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Schistosomatidae is a family of trematodes that generally have an indirect life cycle, with snails as intermediate hosts in avian schistosomiasis and aquatic birds as definitive hosts. Although multiple studies report avian schistosomes, there are only a few reports describing gross and histological lesions of neuroschistosomiasis in aquatic birds. Herein, a retrospective study including 12 aquatic birds with neuroschistosomiasis was conducted to further characterize the clinical, gross, and histologic findings and to identify the trematodes. The median age of birds was 12 years, and schistosomes were observed in the brain, with or without granulomatous inflammation. Neuroschistosomiasis was likely related to death in 5 out of 12 birds. Twelve formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples containing brain, 1 FFPE sample containing intestine, and 1 fresh brain sample were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing to identify the schistosomes.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dendritobilharzia pulverulenta<\/jats:italic>\n                    was identified from 3 out of 13 FFPE samples and 1 fresh brain sample. Neuroschistosomiasis presumptively associated with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dendritobilharzia<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. infection has been reported in swans and geese; however, the identification was based on the clinical signs, lesions, location within the hosts, and the morphology of adult worms without molecular analysis. To the authors\u2019 knowledge, the histologic description and molecular identification of schistosomes that cause neuroschistosomiasis in multiple aquatic bird species other than swans and geese have not been reported.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858261428494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T02:00:58Z","timestamp":1774836058000},"page":"910-921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A retrospective study of neuroschistosomiasis in aquatic birds"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2192-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4845-0383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amira","family":"Abdu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA"},{"name":"Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"April L.","family":"Childress","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1844-4139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel B.","family":"Paulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5692-6134","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr","given":"James F. X.","family":"Wellehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Garner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest ZooPath, Monroe, WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10122361"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/9034-082209-Case.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2006133205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"1215","article-title":"New record of Dendritobilharzia pulverulenta (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae) from Pakistan","volume":"23","author":"Birmani NA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Birmani NA, Dharejo AM, Khan MM, et al. New record of Dendritobilharzia pulverulenta (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae) from Pakistan. J Anim Plant Sci. 2013;23:1215\u20131218.","journal-title":"J Anim Plant Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jepm.2018.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2007.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2743.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1609.091664"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2013.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-012-0305-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.10.111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3272661"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12537"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/23-44"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11070769"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70170-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"58","article-title":"Prevalence of dermatitis-producing schistosomes in natural bird populations of lower Michigan","volume":"46","author":"Guth BD","year":"1979","unstructured":"Guth BD, Blankespoor HD, Reimink RL, Johnson WC. Prevalence of dermatitis-producing schistosomes in natural bird populations of lower Michigan. Proc Helminth Soc Wash. 1979;46:58\u201363.","journal-title":"Proc Helminth Soc Wash"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099005132"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(02)52012-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00043-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/JOH2002113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780813804620.ch13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbn013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Studies on Schistosomatidae Looss, 1899 (Trematoda) of aquatic birds of Poland. III. Notes on the morphology and life cycle of Dendritobilharzia pulverulenta (Braun, 1901)","volume":"24","author":"Khalifa R.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Khalifa R. Studies on Schistosomatidae Looss, 1899 (Trematoda) of aquatic birds of Poland. III. Notes on the morphology and life cycle of Dendritobilharzia pulverulenta (Braun, 1901). Acta Parasitol. 1976;24:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360100431"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2005.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2013.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00700459"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00142"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3274443"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/761968"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/EBO.S21501"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03014223.1989.10422571"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer\u2019s Pathology of Domestic Animals","author":"Robinson WF","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robinson WF, Robinson NA. Cardiovascular system. In: Maxie GM, ed. Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer\u2019s Pathology of Domestic Animals. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2015:91\u201394.","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/sys029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-6133-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-004-1262-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2382.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.41-6-658"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3280675"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3280244"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-010-0920-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piz009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1982.181.11.1386"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-23.2.248"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03009858261428494","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03009858261428494","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03009858261428494","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:19:57Z","timestamp":1788452397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03009858261428494"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03009858261428494"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03009858261428494","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9858","1544-2217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9858","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-2217","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]]}}}