{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T18:54:32Z","timestamp":1777920872086,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,3,1]],"date-time":"1998-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":888710400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of intraduodenal administration of Clostridium perfringens cultures and culture products in goats were evaluated to develop a reliable experimental model of enterotoxemia in this species. Five conventionally reared, 11\u201316-week-old Angora goat kids were dosed intraduodenally with whole cultures of C. perfringens type D; five similar animals were dosed with C. perfringens type D filtered culture supernatant; and a third group of five kids was dosed with C. perfringens type D washed cells. Two kids were used as controls and received sterile, nontoxic culture medium intraduodenally. All animals received starch solution into the abomasum. All five kids inoculated with whole culture and three of five dosed with culture supernatant and with washed cells developed central nervous system signs. Diarrhea was observed in two of five kids inoculated with whole culture, in all five of those dosed with culture supernatant, and in three of five of those that received washed cells. The most striking postmortem findings consisted of lung edema, necrotizing pseudomembranous colitis, and cerebral vasogenic edema. The protocol thus provided a reasonable model of naturally occurring enterotoxemia in goats, producing a range of clinical signs and postmortem changes similar to those observed in the natural disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589803500207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,22]],"date-time":"2010-01-22T22:24:55Z","timestamp":1264199095000},"page":"132-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Experimental\n                    <i>Clostridium perfringens<\/i>\n                    Type D Enterotoxemia in Goats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"F. A.","family":"Uzal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. R.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-391606-8.50009-0"},{"key":"bibr2-030098589803500207","first-page":"1","volume":"57","author":"Bennetts HW","year":"1932","journal-title":"Bull Counc Sci Ind Res Aust"},{"key":"bibr3-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1991.52.07.1147","volume":"52","author":"Blackwell TE","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"bibr4-030098589803500207","unstructured":"4 Blood DC, Radostits OM, Henderson JA: Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Horses, 6th ed., p. 553. Bailliere Tindall, London, UK, 1983"},{"key":"bibr5-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/20.5.586"},{"key":"bibr6-030098589803500207","first-page":"1453","volume":"59","author":"Bullen JJ","year":"1963","journal-title":"Bull Off Int Epizoot"},{"key":"bibr7-030098589803500207","first-page":"1268","volume":"69","author":"Bullen JJ","year":"1957","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"bibr8-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700730220"},{"key":"bibr9-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102.11.241"},{"key":"bibr10-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(76)90012-8"},{"key":"bibr11-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(73)90009-1"},{"key":"bibr12-030098589803500207","unstructured":"12 Guss SB: Management and Diseases of Dairy Goats, pp. 106\u2013109. Dairy Goat Journal Publishing Corporation, Scottsdale, AZ, 1977"},{"key":"bibr13-030098589803500207","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Australian Standard Diagnostic Techniques for Animal Diseases","author":"Hornitzky MAZ","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr14-030098589803500207","first-page":"205","volume":"31","author":"Jansen BC","year":"1960","journal-title":"J S Afr Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr15-030098589803500207","first-page":"1539","volume":"67","author":"Jansen BC","year":"1967","journal-title":"Bull Off Int Epizoot"},{"key":"bibr16-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92776-E"},{"key":"bibr17-030098589803500207","first-page":"477","volume-title":"International Encyclopedia of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Section 119: Pharmacology of Bacterial Toxins","author":"McDonel JL","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr18-030098589803500207","unstructured":"18 Moore DS, McCabe GP: Introduction to the Practice of Statistics, 2nd ed., pp. 713\u2013789. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, NY, 1993"},{"key":"bibr19-030098589803500207","first-page":"17.83","volume-title":"Application to Enzyme Immunoassay for the Diagnosis of Brucellosis","author":"Nielsen K","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr20-030098589803500207","first-page":"141","volume":"21","author":"Niilo L","year":"1980","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"bibr21-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.60.1.167-215.1996"},{"key":"bibr22-030098589803500207","unstructured":"22 Smith MC, Sherman DM: Goat Medicine, p. 620. Lea & Febiger, Malvern, PA, 1994"},{"key":"bibr23-030098589803500207","unstructured":"23 Sterne M, Batty I: Pathogenic Clostridia, p. 144. Butter-worths, London, UK, 1975"},{"key":"bibr24-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.141.9.224"},{"key":"bibr25-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00396291"},{"key":"bibr26-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(97)80044-8"},{"key":"bibr27-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00019.x"},{"key":"bibr28-030098589803500207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/32.8.1551"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/030098589803500207","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/030098589803500207","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:38:08Z","timestamp":1777664288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/030098589803500207"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/030098589803500207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/030098589803500207","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9858","1544-2217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9858","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-2217","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]}}}