{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T01:46:46Z","timestamp":1793152006397,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funding Sources Wellcome Trust,"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Soc Stud Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The 2006 \u2018Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders\u2019 recommended moving to a new classification of intersex variations, framed in terms of \u2018disorders of sex development\u2019 or DSD. Part of the rationale for this change was to move away from associations with gender, and to increase clarity by grounding the classification system in genetics. While the medical community has largely accepted the move, some individuals from intersex activist communities have condemned it. In addition, people both inside and outside the medical community have disagreed about what should be covered by the classification system, in particular whether sex chromosome variations and the related diagnoses of Turner and Klinefelter\u2019s syndromes should be included. This article explores initial descriptions of Turner and Klinefelter\u2019s syndromes and their subsequent inclusion in intersex classifications, which were increasingly grounded in scientific understandings of sex chromosomes that emerged in the 1950s. The article questions the current drive to stabilize and \u2018sort out\u2019 intersex classifications through a grounding in genetics. Alternative social and historical definitions of intersex \u2013 such as those proposed by the intersex activists \u2013 have the potential to do more justice to the lived experience of those affected by such classifications and their consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306312718757081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]],"date-time":"2018-02-09T07:13:12Z","timestamp":1518160392000},"page":"125-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Shifting syndromes: Sex chromosome variations and intersex classifications"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"David Andrew","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2010.04.008"},{"key":"bibr2-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04076.x"},{"key":"bibr3-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003591575805100104"},{"key":"bibr4-0306312718757081","volume-title":"Intersexuality in Vertebrates Including Man","author":"Armstrong CN","year":"1964"},{"key":"bibr5-0306312718757081","volume-title":"Human Intersex","author":"Ashley DJB","year":"1962"},{"key":"bibr6-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/163676a0"},{"key":"bibr7-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6300(200003\/04)12:2<151::AID-AJHB1>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"bibr8-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/6352.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr9-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-16-5-689"},{"key":"bibr10-0306312718757081","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Intersex in the Age of Ethics","author":"Cameron D","year":"1999"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr11-0306312718757081","first-page":"10","volume":"2","author":"Carter R","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chrysalis"},{"key":"bibr12-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/S1057-6290(2011)0000012012"},{"key":"bibr13-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18574\/nyu\/9781479891993.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr14-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10739-006-9110-8"},{"key":"bibr15-0306312718757081","volume-title":"Articulating intersex: A crisis at the intersection of scientific knowledge and social ideals","author":"Delimata N","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr16-0306312718757081","volume-title":"The Intersexual Disorders","author":"Dewhurst CJ","year":"1969"},{"key":"bibr17-0306312718757081","volume-title":"Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex","author":"Dreger AD","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr18-0306312718757081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2005.18.8.729"},{"key":"bibr19-0306312718757081","unstructured":"dsdfamilies (2017) dsdfamilies who? 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