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The findings indicate that among female inmates, abstinence of more than a year is related to a decrease in sense of coherence and to an increase in their perceived friend support. In contrast, among male inmates, abstinence of more than a year is related to an increase in sense of coherence and no change at all in their perceived friend support. In addition, hostility level is lower and sense of coherence is higher when the length of abstinence exceeds a year among male inmates. In contrast, among female inmates hostility level is higher when the sense of coherence is lower, without any connection to the length of abstinence. The implications of these findings to treatment intervention are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x09343185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]],"date-time":"2009-08-12T21:12:00Z","timestamp":1250111520000},"page":"937-958","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Gender Differences in Sense of Coherence, Perceived Social Support, and Negative Emotions Among Drug-Abstinent Israeli Inmates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"family":"Gila Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ashkelon Academic College and Bar-Ilan University, Israel,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448480009595692"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association.","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(97)00024-5"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Health stress and coping: New perspectives on mental and physical well-being","author":"Antonovsky, A.","year":"1979"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"Antonovsky, A.","year":"1983","journal-title":"News-letter and Research Reports"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"Unraveling the mystery of health: How people manage stress and stay well","author":"Antonovsky, A.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb7","first-page":"170","volume":"39","author":"Antonovsky, A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Megamot"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"Social learning theory","author":"Bandura, A.","year":"1977"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"1707","volume":"11","author":"Brady, K.T.","year":"1993","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/ADA-200037546"},{"key":"atypb11","first-page":"103","volume":"2","author":"Buss, A.H.","year":"1957","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting Psychology"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/11160-000"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X07311596"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X05279038"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J076v43n03_01"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"93","volume":"25","author":"Chen, G.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mefgash"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490050173181"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08964280009595746"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"Unruly women: The politics of confinement and resistance","author":"Faith, K.","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb20","volume-title":"a different voice: Psychological theory and women\u2019s development","author":"Gilligan, C.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.012"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.1996.10472614"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2003.10400512"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/ADA-100101868"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2004.08.008"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0193841X07307318"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7189(03)00034-X"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(198601)42:1<185::AID-JCLP2270420132>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00343552040480010401"},{"key":"atypb30","first-page":"579","volume":"9","author":"Haseltine, F.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002204260403400208"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.59.4.591"},{"key":"atypb33","volume-title":"Anonymous survey for assessment of drug and alcohol abuse among inmates\/detainees within the Israel Prison Service","author":"Israel Prison Service.","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb34","volume-title":"Annual report","author":"Israel Prison Service.","year":"2006"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0032885505283876"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224540009600496"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khantzian, E.J. 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