{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T09:24:03Z","timestamp":1777713843863,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]],"date-time":"2010-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1265846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study is to establish whether professionals who have sexually molested children with whom they work present as a homogeneous group identifiable by their personal histories, offending patterns, and profiles as distinct from other child molesters (intra-familial and extra-familial offenders). Participants were matched on age and IQ. It was found that child molesters who were professionals (similar to extra-familial offenders generally) were likely to have sexually abused male, or both male and female, children and had abused more than 20 child victims. Professionals were also significantly more likely to have offended against post-pubescent children than were extra-familial or intra-familial offenders. In terms of psychological profiles, professionals, like extra-familial offenders, were found to have a significantly higher level of reported sexual pre-occupation and emotional over-identification with children compared with intra-familial offenders and a significantly lower level of distorted sexual attitudes about their victims compared with extra-familial offenders. These results are discussed in the context of assessment that might be used to assess risk in those working with children in a professional capacity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x09359194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]],"date-time":"2010-02-11T21:55:42Z","timestamp":1265925342000},"page":"56-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Comparing Intra-Familial and Extra-Familial Child Sexual Abusers With Professionals Who Have Sexually Abused Children With Whom They Work"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Joe","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Birmingham, United Kingdom,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony R.","family":"Beech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leam A.","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theresa A.","family":"Gannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kent, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"The Children and Sex Questionnaire","author":"Beckett, R.C.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Paper presented at the 13th Annual Conference of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers","author":"Beckett, R.C."},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Community-based treatment for sex offenders: An evaluation of seven treatment programmes","author":"Beckett, R.C.","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X9804200405"},{"key":"atypb5","author":"Beech, A.R.","year":"1999","journal-title":"U.K. Home Office Occasional Report"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bjc.a046276"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"A study of impulsivity in abnormal offenders. PhD thesis","author":"Blackburn, R.","year":"1973"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"Development and validation of scales to measure hostility and aggression","author":"Blackburn, R.","year":"1974"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"The Special Hospital Assessment of Personality and Socialization (SHAPS)","author":"Blackburn, R.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1027\/\/1015-5759.15.1.14","volume":"15","author":"Blackburn, R.","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107906329600800105"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"The use of multiple personality variables to predict recidivism","author":"Como, P.G.","year":"1977"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14789940412331270726"},{"key":"atypb14","author":"Craig, L.A.","journal-title":"Criminal Justice and Behavior"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-1916-8_6"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X99434006"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsw\/30.6.795"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854800027001002"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"Predictors of sexual recidivism: An updated meta-analysis","author":"Hanson, R.K.","year":"2004"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.6.1154"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107906329500700403"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"Manual for the revised Psychopathy Checklist","author":"Hare, R.D.","year":"1991"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(00)00113-7"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.67.4.699"},{"key":"atypb25","first-page":"165","volume":"3","author":"Miner, M.H.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment"},{"key":"atypb26","unstructured":"Nichols, H.R. & Molinder, I. ( 1984). Multiphasic Sex Inventory Manual. Available from Nichols and Molinder, 437 Bowes Drive, Tacoma, WA 98466."},{"key":"atypb27","volume-title":"First report of the Review on Child Protection in the Catholic Church in England and Wales","author":"Nolan, L.","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb28","first-page":"30322","author":"Nowicki, S.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Test manual available from S. Nowicki Jr."},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.1974.10119950"},{"key":"atypb30","first-page":"9","volume":"2","author":"Nowicki, S., Jr.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Methods and application"},{"key":"atypb31","volume-title":"SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS","author":"Pallant, J.","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1988.tb50868.x"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107906320401600404"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.59.5.643"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1177\/107906329901100203","volume":"11","author":"Proulx, J.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024882430242"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.39.3.472"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/car.737"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13552600410001667788"},{"key":"atypb40","volume-title":"Self-Esteem Scale. Unpublished manuscript","author":"Thornton, D.","year":"1989"},{"key":"atypb41","volume-title":"Paper presented at the Sinclair Seminars Conference on Sex Offender Re-offense Risk Prediction","author":"Thornton, D."},{"key":"atypb42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107906320201400205"},{"key":"atypb43","volume-title":"Poster presented at the 21st Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers Conference","author":"Thornton, D."},{"key":"atypb44","volume-title":"People like us","author":"Utting, W.","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626098013006003"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626099014008003"},{"key":"atypb47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626095010004005"},{"key":"atypb48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10683160208401823"},{"key":"atypb49","volume-title":"Lost in care","author":"Waterhouse, R.","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10683160500036889"},{"key":"atypb51","volume-title":"Understanding statistics: An introduction for the social sciences","author":"Wright, D.B.","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0306624X09359194","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0306624X09359194","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:09:33Z","timestamp":1777457373000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0306624X09359194"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0306624X09359194"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0306624x09359194","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-624X","1552-6933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-624X","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]]}}}