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Comprehensive searches of the empirical literature were conducted up to December 2014. Participants who completed yoga or meditation program in prison experienced a small increase in their psychological well-being (Cohen\u2019s d = 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.39, 0.54]) and a small improvement in their behavioural functioning (Cohen\u2019s d = 0.30, 95% CI = [0.20, 0.40]). Moderator analyses suggested that there was a significant difference in effect sizes for programs of longer duration and less intensity, compared with those that were shorter and more intensive, for psychological well-being. Programs of longer duration had a slightly larger positive effect on behavioural functioning ( d = 0.424), compared with more intensive programs ( d = 0.418). Overall, the evidence suggests that yoga and meditation have favourable effects on prisoners.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x15602514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]],"date-time":"2015-08-28T22:14:48Z","timestamp":1440800088000},"page":"689-710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Yoga and Mindfulness Meditation in Prison"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Auty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiden","family":"Cope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Liebling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0306624X15602514","volume-title":"Exploring the needs and risks of returning prison population","author":"Austin J.","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr2-0306624X15602514","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2012.00117"},{"key":"bibr3-0306624X15602514","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735407306214"},{"key":"bibr4-0306624X15602514","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446"},{"key":"bibr5-0306624X15602514","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.06.014"},{"key":"bibr6-0306624X15602514","volume-title":"Introduction to meta-analysis","author":"Borenstein M.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr7-0306624X15602514","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164x.20.3.343"},{"key":"bibr8-0306624X15602514","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2007.01.025"},{"key":"bibr9-0306624X15602514","volume-title":"Effects of hatha yoga and mantra meditation on the psychological health and behavior of incarcerated males","author":"*Bunk B. 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