{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T09:24:24Z","timestamp":1777713864340,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]],"date-time":"2016-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>High levels of depression have been found among incarcerated youth, which suggests that mental health problems are associated with delinquent behavior and are part of a constellation of risk factors that contribute to youth entering the juvenile justice system. In this project, we investigated trauma and mental health issues among male youth in residential treatment, and addressed the following questions: (a) Does childhood trauma predict current depression for male juvenile sexual offenders? (b) If so, do different types of traumas predict depressive affect better than others? and, (c) Does extent of trauma exposure predict depression? Data on incarcerated male juvenile sexual offenders were analyzed ( n = 379). Multiple regressions of various types of traumas and cumulative trauma and depression were conducted. Emotional abuse was the strongest predictor of depressive affect for this sample, and multiple exposures to trauma were the second strongest predictor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x16676099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]],"date-time":"2016-11-18T21:55:45Z","timestamp":1479506145000},"page":"1143-1163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Impact of Types and Extent of Trauma on Depressive Affect Among Male Juvenile Sexual Offenders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Jennifer W.","family":"Jencks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George S.","family":"Leibowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stony Brook University, State University of New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.12.1779"},{"key":"bibr2-0306624X16676099","first-page":"59","volume-title":"PTSD in Children and Adolescents","author":"Arroyo W.","year":"2001","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr3-0306624X16676099","volume-title":"Family violence across the lifespan: An introduction","author":"Barnett O.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr4-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(91)90037-E"},{"key":"bibr5-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0044118X02033003001"},{"key":"bibr6-0306624X16676099","first-page":"224","volume-title":"Juvenile sexual offending: Causes, consequences, and correction","author":"Bengis S.","year":"2010","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr7-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.8.1132"},{"key":"bibr8-0306624X16676099","first-page":"247","volume":"31","author":"Beyers J. M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"bibr9-0306624X16676099","volume-title":"Psychological maltreatment of children: The APSAC study guides 4","author":"Bingelli N. J.","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr10-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2003.09.008"},{"key":"bibr11-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024556909087"},{"key":"bibr12-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2011.541010"},{"key":"bibr13-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2011.586401"},{"key":"bibr14-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579499001959"},{"key":"bibr15-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072290"},{"key":"bibr16-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579409000169"},{"key":"bibr17-0306624X16676099","unstructured":"Child Welfare Information Gateway. (2006). Long-term consequences of child abuse and neglect. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.childwelfare.gov\/pubs\/factsheets\/long_term_consequences.cfm"},{"key":"bibr18-0306624X16676099","unstructured":"Child Welfare Information Gateway. (2008). What is child abuse and neglect? Retrieved from http:\/\/www.childwelfare.gov\/pubs\/factsheets\/whatiscan.cfm"},{"key":"bibr19-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20444"},{"key":"bibr20-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.247"},{"key":"bibr21-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.02.004"},{"key":"bibr22-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/00485713-20050501-05"},{"key":"bibr23-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.5.577"},{"key":"bibr24-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.06122026"},{"key":"bibr25-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559509350075"},{"key":"bibr26-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541204009349399"},{"key":"bibr27-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CHI.0000046819.95464.0B"},{"key":"bibr28-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01625.x"},{"key":"bibr29-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559505275178"},{"key":"bibr30-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195342857.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr31-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559504271287"},{"key":"bibr32-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0467"},{"key":"bibr33-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156853002760030860"},{"key":"bibr34-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854812436957"},{"key":"bibr35-0306624X16676099","volume-title":"Adolescent victimization and delinquent behavior","author":"Harrell E.","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr36-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000095"},{"key":"bibr37-0306624X16676099","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The emotionally abused and neglected child: Identification, assessment, and intervention: A practice handbook","author":"Iwaniec D.","year":"2006","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr38-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08952831003787867"},{"key":"bibr39-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X12448856"},{"key":"bibr40-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.07.004"},{"key":"bibr41-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0002-9432.71.1.120"},{"key":"bibr42-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.113.1.164"},{"key":"bibr43-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.23.3095"},{"key":"bibr44-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926790801982394"},{"key":"bibr45-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.03.044"},{"key":"bibr46-0306624X16676099","first-page":"76","volume-title":"Causes of conduct disorder and serious delinquency","author":"Lahey B. B.","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr47-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2012.675421"},{"key":"bibr48-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014352"},{"key":"bibr49-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-006-9100-3"},{"key":"bibr50-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2004.01402001.x"},{"key":"bibr51-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10566-010-9136-0"},{"key":"bibr52-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854813507567"},{"key":"bibr53-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541204007305527"},{"key":"bibr54-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2005.02.009"},{"key":"bibr55-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2006.08.011"},{"key":"bibr56-0306624X16676099","volume-title":"Counting the costs: The children (Northern Ireland) order, social work and the courts","author":"McSherry D.","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr57-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e318082004-001"},{"key":"bibr58-0306624X16676099","unstructured":"Mendel R. A. (2011). No place for kids: The case for reducing juvenile incarcerations. The Annie E. Casey Foundation. Retrieved from www.aecf.org\/OurWork\/JuvenileJustice\/JuvenileJusticeReport.aspx"},{"key":"bibr59-0306624X16676099","volume-title":"Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory: Manual","author":"Millon T.","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr60-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1556-6676.1993.tb02244.x"},{"key":"bibr61-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2010.02222.x"},{"key":"bibr62-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J291v07n02_07"},{"key":"bibr63-0306624X16676099","unstructured":"Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (2011). Statistical briefing book. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ojjdp.gov\/ojstatbb\/victims\/qa02108.asp?qaDate=2009"},{"key":"bibr64-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.1.56"},{"key":"bibr65-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2003.10.006"},{"key":"bibr66-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20534"},{"key":"bibr67-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2005.07.003"},{"key":"bibr68-0306624X16676099","volume-title":"Effective intervention with adolescents who have offended sexually: Translating research into practice","author":"Righthand S.","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr69-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.172"},{"key":"bibr70-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019700"},{"key":"bibr71-0306624X16676099","unstructured":"Sickmund M., Sladky T. J., Kang W., Puzzanchera C. (2011). Easy access to the census of juveniles in residential placement. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ojjdp.gov\/ojstatbb\/ezacjrp\/"},{"key":"bibr72-0306624X16676099","volume-title":"Juvenile offenders and victims: 2006 national report","author":"Snyder H. N.","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr73-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2004.10.001"},{"key":"bibr74-0306624X16676099","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. (2008). The NSDUH report: Major depressive episode among youths aged 12 to 17 in the United States: 2004 to 2006. Rockville, MD: Author. Retrieved from http:\/\/oas.samhsa.gov\/2k8\/youthDepress\/youthDepress.cfm"},{"key":"bibr75-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60871-4"},{"key":"bibr76-0306624X16676099","first-page":"876","volume":"35","author":"Trickett P. K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"bibr77-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2006.04.010"},{"key":"bibr78-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626098013006003"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr79-0306624X16676099","first-page":"96","volume":"36","author":"Weaver C. M.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Psychology"},{"key":"bibr80-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626098013003003"},{"key":"bibr81-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.1989.tb01032.x"},{"key":"bibr82-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2008.01974.x"},{"key":"bibr83-0306624X16676099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.04.009"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0306624X16676099","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0306624X16676099","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0306624X16676099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:09:50Z","timestamp":1777457390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0306624X16676099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0306624X16676099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0306624x16676099","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-624X","1552-6933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-624X","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]]}}}