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To address this gap in the literature, data were drawn from a sample of men ( N = 2,270) incarcerated in seven prisons in Spain. We compared sociodemographic, criminal\/offense, health and mental health, and life events in prison variables between inmates who reported making near-lethal suicide attempts ( n = 616) and those who did not ( n = 1,654) during their current incarceration term. A series of binary and multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that a variety of variables were associated ( p values &lt; .001) with near-lethal suicide attempts, including prior-to-prison employment status, family members in prison, recidivist in prison, childhood trauma, work status in prison, and disciplinary infractions. Our study findings are discussed in light of developing more effective strategies and prevention interventions to reduce attempted suicide in the Spanish Prison System.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x16689833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,28]],"date-time":"2017-01-28T14:15:31Z","timestamp":1485612931000},"page":"1452-1473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Risk Factors Associated With Near-Lethal Suicide Attempts During Incarceration Among Men in the Spanish Prison System"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Francisco Caravaca","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noelle","family":"Fearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Louis University, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Vaughn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Louis University, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0306624X16689833","volume-title":"SPACE I\u2014Council of Europe annual penal statistics: Prison populations. 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