{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T09:24:30Z","timestamp":1777713870186,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]],"date-time":"2019-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An extensive body of research has examined the role that genetic influences play in the development of antisocial behavior. Even so, there remains much that is unknown regarding the intersections among antisocial behavior, environments, and genetic influences. The current study is designed to shed some light on this issue by examining whether gene\u2013environment correlations are present in the lives of adopted adolescents. More specifically, this article seeks to contribute to scholarship efforts aimed at understanding whether biological parents\u2019 antisocial behavioral phenotypes\u2014behaviors often attributed to an increased likelihood of receiving a genetic propensity for antisocial behaviors\u2014predict variation in environments that are experienced by their adopted-away offspring. To do so, the biological parents of adoptees were assessed and used to identify ways in which children elicit certain responses from their adoptive parents based, in part, on their genotype. Correlational analyses were calculated on a sample of adoptees (the final analytic sample ranged between n = 229 and n = 293) drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). The results of the study revealed very little evidence of gene\u2013environment correlations. The implications of these findings are considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x19849568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,17]],"date-time":"2019-05-17T02:49:13Z","timestamp":1558061353000},"page":"187-209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Association Between Genetic Predisposition and Parental Socialization: An Examination of Gene\u2013Environment Correlations Using an Adoption-Based Design"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3092-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Knoblach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nebraska Omaha, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"McBride","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3042-3496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Beaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"},{"name":"King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2011.00243.x"},{"key":"bibr2-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260512448847"},{"key":"bibr3-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541204011423260"},{"key":"bibr4-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2008.00112.x"},{"key":"bibr5-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.09.007"},{"key":"bibr6-0306624X19849568","volume-title":"Biosocial criminology: A primer","author":"Beaver K. M.","year":"2016","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr7-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-011-0263-0"},{"key":"bibr8-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2011.07.002"},{"key":"bibr9-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2009.01.024"},{"key":"bibr10-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intell.2014.06.002"},{"key":"bibr11-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1043986212450220"},{"key":"bibr12-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/GNTP.169.3.227-244"},{"key":"bibr13-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854813495022"},{"key":"bibr14-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713001086"},{"key":"bibr15-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2218526"},{"key":"bibr16-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13110\/merrpalmquar1982.60.2.0101"},{"key":"bibr17-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013702"},{"key":"bibr18-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/comp.2003.50018"},{"key":"bibr19-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1400825111"},{"key":"bibr20-0306624X19849568","first-page":"153","volume":"166","author":"Cleveland H. H.","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of Genetic Psychology"},{"key":"bibr21-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-015-0299-8"},{"key":"bibr22-0306624X19849568","first-page":"172","volume":"25","author":"Crosnoe R.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Family Justice"},{"key":"bibr23-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854809342884"},{"key":"bibr24-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000047"},{"key":"bibr25-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2018.30"},{"key":"bibr26-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1976.tb00928.x"},{"key":"bibr27-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224540903366503"},{"key":"bibr28-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00845"},{"key":"bibr29-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00373.x"},{"key":"bibr30-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781503621794"},{"key":"bibr31-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-008-9202-7"},{"key":"bibr32-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031190"},{"key":"bibr33-0306624X19849568","unstructured":"Harris K. M., Florey F., Tabor J., Bearman P. S., Jones J., Udry R. J. (2003). The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health: Research design [www document]. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cpc.unc.edu\/projects\/addhealth\/design"},{"key":"bibr34-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01639620903415851"},{"key":"bibr35-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001950"},{"key":"bibr36-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291706009524"},{"key":"bibr37-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713002638"},{"key":"bibr38-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12619"},{"key":"bibr39-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.3.373"},{"key":"bibr40-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2014.02.028"},{"key":"bibr41-0306624X19849568","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Crime and justice: A review of research","volume":"7","author":"Loeber R.","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr42-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-010-9347-z"},{"key":"bibr43-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11126-016-9441-3"},{"key":"bibr44-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.27.1.415"},{"key":"bibr45-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854812468434"},{"key":"bibr46-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.131.4.533"},{"key":"bibr47-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.36.4.429"},{"key":"bibr48-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.34.5.970"},{"key":"bibr49-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.84.2.309"},{"key":"bibr50-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3285"},{"key":"bibr51-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.128.3.490"},{"key":"bibr52-0306624X19849568","first-page":"424","volume":"54","author":"Scarr S.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"bibr53-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07418820400095731"},{"key":"bibr54-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10940-017-9368-3"},{"key":"bibr55-0306624X19849568","volume-title":"The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), Waves I and II, 1994-1996, Wave III, 2001-2002, Wave IV, 2008-2009","author":"Udry J. R.","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr56-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854809342839"},{"key":"bibr57-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2013.51"},{"key":"bibr58-0306624X19849568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541204010388527"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0306624X19849568","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0306624X19849568","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0306624X19849568","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:09:51Z","timestamp":1777457391000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0306624X19849568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0306624X19849568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0306624x19849568","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-624X","1552-6933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-624X","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]}}}