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We theorize that the emergence of this unique form of housing may also be viewed as a signal of prison system failure. To advance this argument, we identify how different theoretical perspectives can be used to anticipate the effects of ESM on prison system violence and order and then investigate the plausibility of this account by grounding it in analysis of qualitative data from a study of one state\u2019s prison system. The analysis suggests theoretical and empirical warrant for both views of ESM\u2014as an effective tool and as a symptom of system failure. Implications of the study research and policy are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x211058948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T04:30:14Z","timestamp":1637123414000},"page":"62-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Managing Prisons Through Extended Solitary Confinement: A Necessary Approach or a Signal of Prison System Failure?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8594-5350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel P.","family":"Mears","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Aranda-Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George B.","family":"Pesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0306624X211058948","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ser0000430"},{"key":"bibr2-0306624X211058948","volume-title":"Use of restrictive housing in U.S. prisons and jails, 2011-12","author":"Beck A. 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