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While many were able to disengage, two prevented and sentenced foreign fighters planned attacks in Vienna, one of them succeeded. In order to better understand this type of perpetrator, files of a cohort of 56 convicted jihadist terrorist offenders were analyzed. Half of this cohort were foreign fighters or attempted to become foreign fighters, while others contributed for instance by spreading propaganda, recruiting and assuming leadership. Additionally, a focus group with probation officers and an interview were conducted. The results shed light on various sociodemographic variables showing that there was not one specific profile. Rather, the cohort appeared to be very diverse, being comprised of all genders, age groups and socioeconomic backgrounds. Furthermore, a considerable crime-terror nexus was found. Thirty percent of the cohort had had a criminal past before their engagement in violent extremism. A fifth of the cohort had a prison experience before the arrest for the terrorist offense. The criminal offenses of the cohort were typical for the general population of probation clients which backs the notion that many terrorist offenders belonged to the same population and had switched from \u201ctraditional\u201d crime to terrorism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x231172641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T04:53:43Z","timestamp":1683608023000},"page":"1467-1484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Terror and Crime: Anatomy of an Austrian Jihadist Prison Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4743-1812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Peschak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vienna, Wien, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1477370819896223"},{"key":"bibr2-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09592318.2016.1209806"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr3-0306624X231172641","first-page":"25","volume":"10","author":"Basra R.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Perspectives on Terrorism"},{"key":"bibr4-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17265\/2159-5313\/2016.09.003"},{"key":"bibr5-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315844718"},{"key":"bibr6-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546553.2014.985378"},{"key":"bibr7-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10940-006-9017-8"},{"key":"bibr8-0306624X231172641","unstructured":"Boncio A. (2017) Italian foreign terrorist fighters: A quantitative analysis of radicalization risk factors. In Niglia A., Al Sabaileh A., Hammad A. (Eds.), Countering terrorism, preventing radicalization and protecting cultural heritage (pp. 40\u201351). IOS Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/978-1-61499-755-9-40"},{"key":"bibr9-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5038\/1944-0472.4.4.1"},{"key":"bibr10-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1057610X.2016.1188535"},{"key":"bibr11-0306624X231172641","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203895054"},{"key":"bibr12-0306624X231172641","unstructured":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Verfassungsschutz und Terrorismusbek\u00e4mpfung. (2019). 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