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The main aim of the present study was to investigate whether insecure attachment styles may serve as mediating variables between childhood trauma and psychopathy in adulthood. Therefore, a potential mediating role of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance within a sample of 355 male inmates was examined by investigating childhood trauma, attachment styles (ECR-R), and psychopathy scores (PCL-R). A significant positive association between childhood trauma and psychopathy was replicated. The mediation analysis did not show a significant mediation effect through the attachment styles; however, a significant contrast between the two attachment styles was found, indicating that attachment avoidance played a more important role than attachment anxiety in explaining the degree of psychopathic traits. 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