{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:50:03Z","timestamp":1791568203651,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Laughter plays a significant role in narrative storytelling but the extent to which it appears (and is useful) during interviews with justice-involved populations is not well understood. The psychological value of \u201cgallows\u201d humor is well established in the buffering of work stress for first responders and emergency personnel, but criminologists are yet to fully explore the presence, or the benefit (if any) of laughter during field interviews. This paper analysed the occurrences of laughter in interviews with North American men incarcerated for sexual violence. We present a preliminary descriptive typology of how laughter emerged during in-depth interviews. The typology applies two analytical lenses in sequence. The first is drawn from humor research and probes the direction of power imbalance in an exchange. It identifies the intended \u201cbutt of the joke\u201d and proposes a trichotomy of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">punching up, punching down<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">punching self.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The second is drawn from interactional pragmatics and identifies the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">uptake<\/jats:italic>\n                    of the laughter. This yields the distinction between \u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">laughing at\/laughing with<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d and we propose, \u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">laughing alone.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d The two lenses reveal together what neither can show alone: not just what participants are laughing about, but also how they are responding to each other\u2019s laughter. This preliminary typology offers linguistic rigor to the criminological understanding of interactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x261489853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T06:22:02Z","timestamp":1791440522000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Laughing Alone and Punching Self: The Alignment of Laughter in Interviews With Men Convicted of Sexual Offences"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8412-3662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle Arlanda","family":"Harris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9511-2616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09687637.2015.1016399"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446211779"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","unstructured":"Bisceglia M. 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