{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:04:12Z","timestamp":1790949852285,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["533559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["533559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Violence and domestic violence are global public health problems with prevention programs showing limited effectiveness. The form of delivery of such programs can influence their utility yet delivery characteristics are often poorly described. We analysed interviews with clinicians (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 5) and participants (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 12) involved in ReINVEST, a violence reduction clinical trial, to identify key elements of delivery. Three themes were identified: (1) clinician accessibility; (2) clinicians as participant advocates; and (3) humane care, reflecting participant\u2013clinician \u2018relationality\u2019 as a central component of program delivery. We propose that this relationality is more likely to emerge in interventions delivered independently from government agencies who were regarded negatively by participants. It is suggested that attention should be paid not only to what interventions do, but also who delivers them and the organisational setting through which they are delivered. For criminal legal system involved populations, this includes reporting whether interventions are delivered within or outside government agencies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624x261490592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:56:24Z","timestamp":1790682984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Role of Participant\u2013Clinician Relationality and Intervention Source in a Violence Reduction Trial: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1947-8923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul Leslie","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UNSW, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2587-413X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Freya","family":"Stephenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNSW, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0949-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNSW, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emaediong I.","family":"Akpanekpo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNSW, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6260-0472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter William","family":"Schofield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1832-8544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNSW, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2679-2769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNSW, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733019832950"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/978-1-137-54215-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.58.1.5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2026 February 24). Intimate partner violence. Retrieved July 2 2026 from https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/family-domestic-and-sexual-violence\/types-of-violence\/intimate-partner-violence"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2002.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2015.0088"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2019.1704846"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69909-7_3470-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","volume-title":"Prisons and the voluntary sector: A bridge into the community","author":"Bryans S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bryans S., Martin C., Walker R. (2002). Prisons and the voluntary sector: A bridge into the community. Waterside Press. https:\/\/books.google.com.au\/books?id=Ni6nxyFMIeAC"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103668"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00048674.2010.525216"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044656"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00309-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","unstructured":"Day A. Vlais R. Chung D. Green D. J. (2019). Evaluation readiness program quality and outcomes in men\u2019s behaviour change programs (Research report 01\/2019). ANROWS."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","unstructured":"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. (2024). Unlocking the prevention potential: Accelerating action to end domestic family and sexual violence."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12203"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1477750917704156"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","unstructured":"Edgar G. (2008). Agreeing to disagree: Maintaining dissent in the NGO sector (Report). https:\/\/search.informit.org\/doi\/10.3316\/apo.741"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30574\/wjbphs.2024.20.1.0787"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1239"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-014-9661-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000172"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n0702"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gubrium J. F. Holstein J. A. (2001). From the individual interview to the interview society. In Gubrium J. F. Holstein J. A. (Eds.) Handbook of interview research (pp. 2\u201332). Sage Publications. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4135\/9781412973588.n3","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412973588.n3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020852304044255"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","unstructured":"Helps N. Bell C. Schulze C. Vlais R. Clark O. Seamer J. Buys R. (2025). The role of men\u2019s behaviour change programs in addressing men\u2019s use of domestic family and sexual violence: An evidence brief (ANROWS Insights 01\/2025). ANROWS."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","volume-title":"The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling","author":"Hochschild A.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hochschild A. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. University of California Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1687"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9781137370679"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(05)70319-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","volume-title":"The voluntary sector in the United Kingdom","author":"Kendall J.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kendall J., Knapp M. (1996). The voluntary sector in the United Kingdom. Manchester University Press. https:\/\/books.google.com.au\/books?id=wje8AAAAIAAJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13091063"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1471903032000146937"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002716297554001003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(83)90344-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","volume-title":"Third sector: The contribution of nonprofit and co-operative enterprise in Australia","author":"Lyons M.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lyons M. (2001). Third sector: The contribution of nonprofit and co-operative enterprise in Australia. Allen & Unwin."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00098-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30722\/sup.9781920899950"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0264550512458475"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","unstructured":"Millsteed M. Coghlan S. (2016). Predictors of recidivism amongst police recorded family violence perpetrators (In Brief No. 4). Crime Statistics Agency."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.11.1783"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.16682.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2022.2057287"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10361146.2023.2213215"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs9050057"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199502000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02664-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.28.1.37"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sidani S. Braden C. J. (2021). Overview of intervention delivery. In Sidani S. Braden C. J. (Eds.) Nursing and health interventions (pp. 111\u2013129). John Wiley & Sons Inc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781119610113.ch6","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119610113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.07111774"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","unstructured":"Sood P. (2000). Flowing upstream: The case for co-operative efforts between NGOstate relationships concerning the drinking water crisis in rural Gujarat (India) [Unpublished Master\u2019s thesis Dalhousie University]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.821"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2014). SAMHSA\u2019s concept of trauma and guidance for a trauma-informed approach (HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14-4884)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0267190510000085"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","volume-title":"Whose public action? Analysing inter-sectoral collaboration for service delivery: Literature review on relationships between government and non-state providers of services","author":"Teamey K.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Teamey K. (2007). Whose public action? Analysing inter-sectoral collaboration for service delivery: Literature review on relationships between government and non-state providers of services. School of Public Policy International Development Department."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"The family circle method for integrating family systems concepts in family medicine.","volume":"15","author":"Thrower S. M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Thrower S. M., Bruce W. E., Walton R. F. (1982). The family circle method for integrating family systems concepts in family medicine. The Journal of Family Practice, 15(3), 451\u2013457.","journal-title":"The Journal of Family Practice"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315641423"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hojo.12341"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hojo.12164"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Does a prison sentence affect future domestic violence reoffending?","volume":"190","author":"Trevena J.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trevena J., Poynton S. (2016). Does a prison sentence affect future domestic violence reoffending? Crime and Justice Bulletin, 190, 1\u201312.","journal-title":"Crime and Justice Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2006.00406.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-026-01607-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","volume-title":"Recent international trends in NGO health system organization, development and collaborations with government in transforming health care systems: The case of Finland and Kenya","author":"Wamai R. G.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wamai R. G. (2004). Recent international trends in NGO health system organization, development and collaborations with government in transforming health care systems: The case of Finland and Kenya. University of Helsinki."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5876\/9780870819797"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_1","unstructured":"Welle K. (2001). Contending discourses on \u2018Partnership\u2019. A comparative analysis of the rural water and sanitation sector in Ghana (Occasional Paper No. 40). University of London."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cl2.1151"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.57.2.249"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.574898"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0306624X261490592","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0306624X261490592","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0306624X261490592","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:51:21Z","timestamp":1790949081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0306624X261490592"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0306624X261490592"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0306624x261490592","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-624X","1552-6933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-624X","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"article-number":"0306624X261490592"}}