{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:51:21Z","timestamp":1777463481839,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Curtin University, School of Allied Health, Teaching and Research Grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Occupational Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Upper limb dysfunction is common in people with Parkinson\u2019s. This study aimed to pilot and establish the initial psychometric properties of the timed upper limb assessment (TULA), a 10-item timed functional upper limb assessment tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A prospective observational study was conducted with 381 participants (202 with Parkinson\u2019s, 179 controls). The TULA was administered to both groups, with inter-rater reliability assessed in a subset (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200947). Principal component analysis examined structural validity, while convergent validity was explored through correlations with cognitive and motor assessments.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The TULA demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1\u2009=\u20090.81 for Parkinson\u2019s group) and high inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)\u2009&gt;\u20090.9). People with Parkinson\u2019s took significantly longer to complete all items (mean (SD) 22.2\u2009\u00b1\u20097.5) compared to controls (16.8\u2009\u00b1\u20093.7,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The tool showed moderate correlation with the timed up and go test (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.56,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), a significant low correlation with the Hoehn and Yahr Scale (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.44,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2a7d\u20090.001) and a significant low correlation with both the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.37,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2a7d\u20090.001) and the Mini Mental Status Examination (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.31,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2a7d\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides an alternative functional upper limb assessment tool for people with Parkinson\u2019s attending occupational therapy. Initial data have been provided to support the reliability and validity of the TULA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03080226251335226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T11:11:16Z","timestamp":1745320276000},"page":"544-552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and initial psychometric properties of the timed upper limb assessment in older adults with Parkinson\u2019s"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2967-3183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristie","family":"Harper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir Charles Gairdner Osborne Park Health Care Group, Occupational Therapy, Perth, WA, Australia"},{"name":"School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia"},{"name":"EnAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Jacques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir Charles Gairdner Osborne Park Health Care Group, Occupational Therapy, Perth, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Richmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inscribe Occupational Therapy, Perth, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir Charles Gairdner Osborne Park Health Care Group, Occupational Therapy, Perth, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2014.2360149"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10313"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-14-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00391-014-0845-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1772769"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.29.457"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0b013e318235da08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","volume-title":"Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics","author":"Field A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Field A (2018). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics. London, UK: Sage Publications Limited."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2024.123283"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.67.5.624"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000314963"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001316447403400115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60492-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015291021312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153944928500500102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2793945"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9606-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/81.2.810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2003.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","unstructured":"Permlutter JS (2009) Assessment of Parkinson\u2019s disease manifestations. Available at: https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC2897716\/ (accessed 16 January 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2007.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1754474"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/ptc.2012-24"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","unstructured":"Shirley Ryan Ability Lab (2013) Timed Up and Go. Available at: https:\/\/www.sralab.org\/rehabilitation-measures\/timed-and-go (accessed 22 March 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199549"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1630.12615"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(24)00094-1"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Occupational Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03080226251335226","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03080226251335226","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03080226251335226","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:20:44Z","timestamp":1777382444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03080226251335226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03080226251335226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03080226251335226","relation":{},"ISSN":["0308-0226","1477-6006"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0308-0226","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-6006","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]}}}