{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:31:38Z","timestamp":1786120298486,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"DOI":"10.1177\/0309364611431481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,10]],"date-time":"2012-01-10T21:17:17Z","timestamp":1326230237000},"page":"125-130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Design and simulation of a new powered gait orthosis for paraplegic patients"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Mokhtar","family":"Arazpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Chitsazan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen W","family":"Hutchins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhad Tabatabai","family":"Ghomshe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ebrahim","family":"Mousavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esmaeil Ebrahimi","family":"Takamjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gholamreza","family":"Aminian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Rahgozar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monireh Ahmadi","family":"Bani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198870040-00006","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome in paraplegic patients","volume":"70","author":"Gellman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R2-16-20210303","first-page":"409","article-title":"The efficiency of walking of paraplegic patients using a reciprocating gait orthosis","volume":"33","author":"Bernardi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"R3-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100564","article-title":"Walking with the advanced reciprocating gait orthosis (ARGO) in thoracic paraplegic patients: energy expenditure and cardiorespiratory performance","volume":"36","author":"Massucci","year":"1998","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"R4-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90422-6","article-title":"Reciprocating gait orthoses: a multicenter study of their use by spinal cord injured patients","volume":"78","author":"Franceschini","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R5-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100462","article-title":"The use of an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis by paraplegic individuals: a follow-up study","volume":"35","author":"Jaspers","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"R6-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)80534-6","article-title":"The reciprocating gait orthosis: long-term usage patterns","volume":"76","author":"Sykes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R7-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1594.1997.tb04648.x","article-title":"Further development of hybrid functional electrical stimulation orthoses","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Artif Organs"},{"key":"R8-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3109\/03093649909071627","article-title":"The functional use of the reciprocal hip mechanism during gait for paraplegic patients walking in the Louisiana State University reciprocating gait orthosis","volume":"23","author":"Dall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"key":"R9-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2794185","article-title":"Modeling and simulation of paraplegic ambulation in a reciprocating gait orthosis","volume":"117","author":"Tashman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biomech Eng"},{"key":"R12-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199605000-00010","article-title":"Clinical experience with a new hip\u2013knee\u2013ankle\u2013foot orthotic system using a medial single hip joint for paraplegic standing and walking","volume":"75","author":"Saitoh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R13-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3109\/03093640409167929","article-title":"A new walking orthosis for paraplegics: hip and ankle linkage system","volume":"28","author":"Genda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"key":"R15-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1243\/09544119JEIM55","article-title":"A two-degree-of-freedom motor-powered gait orthosis for spinal cord injury patients. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H","volume":"221","author":"Ohta","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Engineer Med"},{"key":"R16-16-20210303","first-page":"116","article-title":"Energy cost of paraplegic locomotion using the ParaWalker\u2013electrical stimulation\u2019 hybrid\u2019 orthosis","volume":"71","author":"Nene","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R17-16-20210303","first-page":"268","article-title":"Functional electrical stimulation and reciprocating gait orthosis for ambulation exercise in a tetraplegic patient: a case study","volume":"29","author":"Phillips","year":"1991","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"R19-16-20210303","first-page":"687","article-title":"Energy consumption in paraplegic ambulation using the reciprocating gait orthosis and electric stimulation of the thigh muscles","volume":"71","author":"Hirokawa","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R20-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2008.02.0024","article-title":"Engineering design review of stance-control knee-ankle-foot orthoses","volume":"46","author":"Yakimovich","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Devel"},{"key":"R21-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2008.915453","article-title":"Lower extremity exoskeletons and active orthoses: Challenges and state-of-the-art","volume":"24","author":"Dollar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Robotics, IEEE Transactions on"},{"key":"R22-16-20210303","first-page":"203","article-title":"An experimental device for investigating the force and power requirements of a powered gait orthosis","volume":"34","author":"Ruthenberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"R23-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.3109\/03093649709164560","article-title":"A new concept of dynamic orthosis for paraplegia: the weight bearing control (WBC) orthosis","volume":"21","author":"Yano","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"key":"R24-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101494","article-title":"Energy expenditure during walking with weight-bearing control (WBC) orthosis in thoracic level of paraplegic patients","volume":"41","author":"Kawashima","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"R26-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2010.2047594","article-title":"Gait evaluation of a novel hip constraint orthosis with implication for walking in paraplegia","volume":"18","author":"Audu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, IEEE Transactions on"},{"key":"R27-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1080\/03093640802562368","article-title":"The physiological cost index of walking with an isocentric reciprocating gait orthosis among patients with T 12\u2013L 1 spinal cord injury","volume":"33","author":"Leung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"key":"R28-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(98)90092-2","article-title":"Energy expenditure during gait using the walkabout and isocentric reciprocal gait orthoses in persons with paraplegia","volume":"79","author":"Harvey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R29-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3109\/03093649309164364","article-title":"A comparison of paraplegic gait performance using two types of reciprocating gait orthoses","volume":"17","author":"Winchester","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"key":"R30-16-20210303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(95)00018-6","article-title":"Effects of joint motion constraints on the gait of normal subjects and their implications on the further development of hybrid FES orthosis for paraplegic persons","volume":"29","author":"Yang","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biomech"}],"container-title":["Prosthetics &amp; Orthotics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0309364611431481","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0309364611431481","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00006479-201236010-00016","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T20:28:31Z","timestamp":1786048111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00006479-201236010-00016"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0309364611431481","relation":{},"ISSN":["0309-3646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0309-3646","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}}}