{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T21:57:07Z","timestamp":1789509427652,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,1]],"date-time":"2010-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1277942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anaesth Intensive Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Alterations in cerebrovascular reactivity to CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , an index of cerebrovascular function, have been associated with increased risk of stroke. We hypothesised that cerebrovascular reactivity is impaired with increasing age and in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular reactivity to CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    was assessed at rest and during hypercapnia (5% CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and hypocapnia (hyperventilation) in subjects with symptomatic CAD (n=13) and age-matched old (n=9) and young (n=20) controls without CAD. Independent of CAD, reductions in middle cerebral artery blood velocity (transcranial Doppler) and cerebral oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy) were correlated with increasing age (r=-0.68, r=-0.51, respectively, P &lt;0.01). In CAD patients, at rest and during hypercapnia, cerebral oxygenation was lower (P &lt;0.05 vs young). Although middle cerebral artery blood velocity reactivity was unaltered in the hypercapnic range, middle cerebral artery blood velocity reactivity to hypocapnia was elevated in the CAD and age-matched controls (P &lt;0.01 vs young), and was associated with age (r=0.62, P &lt;0.01). Transient drops in arterial PCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    occur in a range of physiological and pathophysiological situations, therefore, the elevated middle cerebral artery blood velocity reactivity to hypocapnia combined with reductions in middle cerebral artery blood velocity may be important mechanisms underlying neurological risk with aging. In CAD patients, additional reductions in cerebral oxygenation may place them at additional risk of cerebral ischaemia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057x1003800415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T23:10:21Z","timestamp":1548198621000},"page":"710-717","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Effects of Age and Coronary Artery Disease on Cerebrovascular Reactivity to Carbon Dioxide in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"S. D.","family":"Galvin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery and Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital and Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgical Registrar."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"Celi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery and Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital and Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Consultant Anasthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital and Laboratory of Computer Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. N.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery and Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital and Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Research Assistant, Department of Physiology, University of Otago."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. R.","family":"Clendon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery and Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital and Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Medical Student, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. F.","family":"Galvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery and Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital and Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. W.","family":"Bunton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery and Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital and Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. N.","family":"Ainslie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of Surgery and Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago and Dunedin Hospital and Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Human Kinetics, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02760.x"},{"key":"bibr2-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.10.1963"},{"key":"bibr3-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00471.2004"},{"key":"bibr4-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20193"},{"key":"bibr5-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200406-807OC"},{"key":"bibr6-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.04.005"},{"key":"bibr7-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.10.046"},{"key":"bibr8-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600462"},{"key":"bibr9-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-143-11-200512060-00006"},{"key":"bibr10-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0001-6772.2003.01211.x"},{"key":"bibr11-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hs1101.098356"},{"key":"bibr12-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01186.2002"},{"key":"bibr13-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.110627"},{"key":"bibr14-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(79)90226-0"},{"key":"bibr15-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.12.1667"},{"key":"bibr16-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.7.1311"},{"key":"bibr17-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200208000-00011"},{"key":"bibr18-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000078503"},{"key":"bibr19-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.4.1683"},{"key":"bibr20-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00303.2003"},{"key":"bibr21-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-200003000-00004"},{"key":"bibr22-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0730-725X(02)00534-9"},{"key":"bibr23-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000131748.12553.ed"},{"key":"bibr24-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2005.tb00320.x"},{"key":"bibr25-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.76.349"},{"key":"bibr26-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.209.3.9844657"},{"key":"bibr27-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.91008.2008"},{"key":"bibr28-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000166974.96219.cd"},{"key":"bibr29-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2004.07.007"},{"key":"bibr30-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1532\/HSF98.20041062"},{"key":"bibr31-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000244807.99073.ae"},{"key":"bibr32-0310057X1003800415","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199305000-00006"},{"key":"bibr33-0310057X1003800415","first-page":"1929","volume":"18","author":"Valdueza 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