{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:48:14Z","timestamp":1777376894422,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,10,1]],"date-time":"1993-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":749433600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anaesth Intensive Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There were 19 cases of air embolism (1%) among the first 2000 incidents reported to the Australian Incident Monitoring Study. No embolism-induced fatalities were reported. Serious acute systemic effects occurred in 14 incidents; one circulatory arrest required electrical counter-shock.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The surgical field was the entry route for the air in 63% of the incidents; 47% of the cases occurred during head and neck surgery. Capnography was the most successful first detector (26%) and it confirmed the diagnosis in another 26%. Invasive blood pressure monitoring, the electrocardiograph and the pulse oximeter played a useful role in detecting and\/or confirming air embolism. Doppler monitoring was not reported in this series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A successful first response for management included head-down posture, manual ventilation, 100% oxygen and control of the air entry site. Cerebral arterial gas embolism may induce vascular endothelial damage and possible delayed neurological sequelae; hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057x9302100524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T17:30:44Z","timestamp":1548178244000},"page":"638-641","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Air Embolism\u2014An Analysis of 2000 Incident Reports"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"J. A.","family":"Williamson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. K.","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. J.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. B.","family":"Runciman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0310057X9302100524","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.22.3.351"},{"key":"bibr2-0310057X9302100524","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: A Critical Review. 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