{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:47:43Z","timestamp":1780393663376,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]],"date-time":"1996-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":823132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anaesth Intensive Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Low-dose ketamine by subcutaneous infusion (0.1 mg\/kg\/h) was compared in double-blind fashion with intermittent morphine (0.1 mg\/kg intravenously, four-hourly) as analgesic regimen in 40 ASA-I adults after acute musculoskeletal trauma. Pain was assessed using visual analogue scales and sedation was graded on a four point rank drowsiness score. Objective cardiovascular and respiratory parameters and patient acceptability in terms of supplementary analgesia and early mobilization were also recorded. Pain relief was better with the ketamine infusion than with intermittent morphine (P&lt; 0.001). Patients were more awake and alert with ketamine infusion as evidenced by the drowsiness score (P&lt;0.001). Peak expiratory flow rate improved significantly with the ketamine infusion (P&lt;0.05). None of the patients in ketamine group required supplementary analgesia (P&lt;0.001) and the patients could be easily mobilized for traction\/splintage as compared with patients in the control group (P&lt;0.001). The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the morphine group was high (P&lt;0.01). The study shows that subcutaneous infusion of ketamine provides safe and effective analgesia in acute musculoskeletal trauma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057x9602400106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,14]],"date-time":"2019-01-14T13:34:48Z","timestamp":1547472888000},"page":"32-36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Analgesia for Acute Musculoskeletal Trauma: Low-Dose Subcutaneous Infusion of Ketamine"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Gurnani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. K.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. S.","family":"Rautela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0310057X9602400106","volume-title":"Text of Preventive and Social Medicine","volume":"266","author":"Park JE","year":"1991","edition":"13"},{"key":"bibr2-0310057X9602400106","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Pain Relief","author":"Kiff JGH.","year":"1974"},{"key":"bibr3-0310057X9602400106","first-page":"296","volume-title":"Practical Management of Pain","author":"Hartrick C","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr4-0310057X9602400106","first-page":"110","volume-title":"Pain\u2014New Perspectives in Measurement and Management.","author":"Clarke RSJ.","year":"1977"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr5-0310057X9602400106","first-page":"456","volume":"23","author":"Bhattacharya A","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"bibr6-0310057X9602400106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/53.8.805"},{"key":"bibr7-0310057X9602400106","first-page":"182","volume-title":"Acute Pain","author":"Hanning CD.","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr8-0310057X9602400106","unstructured":"NelterJ, WassermanW. Applied Linear Statistical Models. Richard F. Irwin Inc., Illinois 1974; 419\u201382."},{"key":"bibr9-0310057X9602400106","unstructured":"OlsonCL. Statistics: Making Sense of Data. Allyn and Bacon Inc., Boston 1987; 747\u20138."},{"key":"bibr10-0310057X9602400106","unstructured":"DundeeJW, WyantGM. Intravenous Anaesthesia, 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh 1988; 135\u201359."},{"key":"bibr11-0310057X9602400106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SmithDJ, WestfallDP, AdamsJD. Ketamine interacts with opiate receptors as an agonist. Anesthesiology 1980; 53\u201355.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198009001-00005"},{"key":"bibr12-0310057X9602400106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199205000-00014"},{"key":"bibr13-0310057X9602400106","volume-title":"Manual of Acute Orthopaedic Therapeutics","volume":"89","author":"Iversen LD","year":"1987","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr14-0310057X9602400106","unstructured":"LaurenceDR, BenettPN. Clinical Pharmacology, 5th ed. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh 1980; 403\u20134."},{"key":"bibr15-0310057X9602400106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1985.tb10607.x"},{"key":"bibr16-0310057X9602400106","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Drugs and Anaesthesia\u2014Pharmacology for Anaesthesiologists","author":"Wood M.","year":"1990","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["Anaesthesia and Intensive Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0310057X9602400106","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0310057X9602400106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:07:37Z","timestamp":1777367257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0310057X9602400106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0310057X9602400106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057x9602400106","relation":{},"ISSN":["0310-057X","1448-0271"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0310-057X","type":"print"},{"value":"1448-0271","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]}}}