{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:17:20Z","timestamp":1790687840907,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]],"date-time":"2014-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to assess a novel, noninvasive, portable vagal nerve stimulator (nVNS) for acute treatment of migraine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants with migraine with or without aura were eligible for an open-label, single-arm, multiple-attack study. Up to four migraine attacks were treated with two 90-second doses, at 15-minute intervals delivered to the right cervical branch of the vagus nerve within a six-week time period. Subjects were asked to self-treat at moderate or severe pain, or after 20\u2009minutes of mild pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 30 enrolled patients (25 females, five males, median age 39), two treated no attacks, and one treated aura only, leaving a Full Analysis Set of 27 treating 80 attacks with pain. An adverse event was reported in 13 patients, notably: neck twitching ( n\u2009=\u20091), raspy voice ( n\u2009=\u20091) and redness at the device site ( n\u2009=\u20091). No unanticipated, serious or severe adverse events were reported. The pain-free rate at two hours was four of 19 (21%) for the first treated attack with a moderate or severe headache at baseline. For all moderate or severe attacks at baseline, the pain-free rate was 12\/54 (22%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>nVNS may be an effective and well-tolerated acute treatment for migraine in certain patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414524494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]],"date-time":"2014-03-07T23:11:49Z","timestamp":1394233909000},"page":"986-993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":192,"title":["Effect of noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation on acute migraine: An open-label pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"PJ","family":"Goadsby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Group-Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"Headache Group, NIHR-Wellcome Clinical Research Facility, King\u2019s College London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BM","family":"Grosberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montefiore Headache Center, Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Mauskop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Headache Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Cady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinvest, Headache Care Center, Springfield, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KA","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"electroCore LLC, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61689-4"},{"key":"bibr2-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2005.05112.x"},{"key":"bibr3-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03590.x"},{"key":"bibr4-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra010917"},{"key":"bibr5-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3057"},{"key":"bibr6-0333102414524494","volume-title":"Mechanism and Management of Headache","author":"Lance JW","year":"2005","edition":"7"},{"key":"bibr7-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(00)00010-1"},{"key":"bibr8-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06711-3"},{"key":"bibr9-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04078.x"},{"key":"bibr10-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2002.00387.x"},{"key":"bibr11-0333102414524494","first-page":"S40.004","author":"Goadsby PJ","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"bibr12-0333102414524494","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. The International Classification of Headache Disorders. Cephalalgia 2004; 24, 2nd edn. Suppl 1): 1\u2013160."},{"key":"bibr13-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000116757"},{"key":"bibr14-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2000.00143.x"},{"key":"bibr15-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2002.00404.x"},{"key":"bibr16-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01546.x"},{"key":"bibr17-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61626-8"},{"key":"bibr18-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70047-9"},{"key":"bibr19-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102411417901"},{"key":"bibr20-0333102414524494","volume-title":"Multilevel statistical models","author":"Goldstein H","year":"2011","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr21-0333102414524494","unstructured":"International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials. In:\n                      European Medicines Agency Geneva: International conference on harmonisation\n                      , 1998."},{"key":"bibr22-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2005.00611.x"},{"key":"bibr23-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2003.08.001"},{"key":"bibr24-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01538.x"},{"key":"bibr25-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-009-0073-3"},{"key":"bibr26-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.8.1167"},{"key":"bibr27-0333102414524494","first-page":"107","volume":"33","author":"Nesbitt AD","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"bibr28-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.13.1443"},{"key":"bibr29-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2005.01064.x"},{"key":"bibr30-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102410367523"},{"key":"bibr31-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01457.x"},{"key":"bibr32-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199108013250504"},{"key":"bibr33-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70054-5"},{"key":"bibr34-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00686.x"},{"key":"bibr35-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01391.x"},{"key":"bibr36-0333102414524494","volume-title":"Anatomy of the human body (www.bartleby.com\/107\/)","author":"Gray H","year":"1918"},{"key":"bibr37-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)90486-7"},{"key":"bibr38-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900670104"},{"key":"bibr39-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1957.sp005703"},{"key":"bibr40-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.10.6.555"},{"key":"bibr41-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-7580.1997.19030367.x"},{"key":"bibr42-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2012.00454.x"},{"key":"bibr43-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2009.00234.x"},{"key":"bibr44-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2012.02198.x"},{"key":"bibr45-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.01869.x"},{"key":"bibr46-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102409359314"},{"key":"bibr47-0333102414524494","first-page":"21","volume":"33","author":"Cady R","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"bibr48-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.1999.610043.x"},{"key":"bibr49-0333102414524494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200317090-00005"}],"container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0333102414524494","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0333102414524494","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0333102414524494","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:47:32Z","timestamp":1777387652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0333102414524494"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0333102414524494"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102414524494","relation":{},"ISSN":["0333-1024","1468-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0333-1024","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]]}}}