{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:18:17Z","timestamp":1790637497372,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]],"date-time":"2015-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428624000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cortical spreading depression (CSD) has recently been shown to induce the release of the nuclear protein termed high-mobility group box 1 from neurons, causing activation of the trigeminovascular system. Here, we explored the effects of single and multiple cortical spreading depression inductions on high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) transcriptional activity relative to high-mobility group box 1 protein expression levels and intracellular localization in cortical neurons and astrocytes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single or multiple cortical spreading depression inductions were achieved by KCl application to the mouse cerebral cortex. The animals were sacrificed at 30 minutes, 3 hours and 24 hours after cortical spreading depression induction. High-mobility group box 1 expression levels were explored with in situ hybridization, Western blotting and immunostaining.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cortical spreading depression up-regulated high-mobility group box 1 transcriptional activity in neurons at 3 hours in a manner that was dependent on the number of cortical spreading depression inductions. At 24 hours, the high-mobility group box 1 transcriptional activity had returned to basal levels. Cortical spreading depression induced a reduction in high-mobility group box 1 protein expression at 3 hours, which was also dependent on the number of cortical spreading depression inductions. Following cortical spreading depression, the release of high-mobility group box 1 from the nucleus was observed in a small proportion of neurons, but not in astrocytes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cortical spreading depression induced translocation of high-mobility group box 1 from neuronal nuclei, driving transcriptional up-regulation of high-mobility group box 1 to maintain protein levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102415580100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]],"date-time":"2015-04-10T21:52:32Z","timestamp":1428702752000},"page":"44-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Temporal profiles of high-mobility group box 1 expression levels after cortical spreading depression in mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Tsubasa","family":"Takizawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamoru","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Kayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruki","family":"Toriumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taeko","family":"Ebine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anri","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norihiro","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12038"},{"key":"bibr2-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1947.10.6.409"},{"key":"bibr3-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.1.199"},{"key":"bibr4-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.071582498"},{"key":"bibr5-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20778"},{"key":"bibr6-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70135-8"},{"key":"bibr7-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.191"},{"key":"bibr8-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl297"},{"key":"bibr9-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21390"},{"key":"bibr10-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-300843"},{"key":"bibr11-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3770"},{"key":"bibr12-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200421227"},{"key":"bibr13-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks815"},{"key":"bibr14-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101323"},{"key":"bibr15-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.222"},{"key":"bibr16-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.598334"},{"key":"bibr17-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2435-08.2008"},{"key":"bibr18-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-8770com"},{"key":"bibr19-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04788.x"},{"key":"bibr20-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1231897"},{"key":"bibr21-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90355-D"},{"key":"bibr22-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.06.010"},{"key":"bibr23-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.12.058"},{"key":"bibr24-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1081"},{"key":"bibr25-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002129"},{"key":"bibr26-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0721-07.2007"},{"key":"bibr27-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.192"},{"key":"bibr28-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600582"},{"key":"bibr29-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21555"},{"key":"bibr30-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.shk.0000209540.99176.72"},{"key":"bibr31-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3815-05.2006"},{"key":"bibr32-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2000.00094.x"},{"key":"bibr33-0333102415580100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102410368444"}],"container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0333102415580100","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0333102415580100","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0333102415580100","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:46:50Z","timestamp":1777387610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0333102415580100"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0333102415580100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102415580100","relation":{},"ISSN":["0333-1024","1468-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0333-1024","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]]}}}