{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:51:10Z","timestamp":1792176670266,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]],"date-time":"2017-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is a very rare condition, affecting the patient\u2019s quality of life. We report our experience in drug-resistant, idiopathic GPN, treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS), in terms of safety and efficiency, on a very long-term basis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was opened, self-controlled, non-comparative and bicentric (Marseille and Lausanne University Hospitals). Patients treated with GKRS between 2003 and 2015 (models C, 4C and Perfexion) were included. A single 4-mm isocentre was positioned in the cisternal portion of the glossopharyngeal nerve, with a targeting based both on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). The mean maximal dose delivered was 81.4\u2009\u00b1\u20096.7\u2009Gy (median\u2009=\u200985\u2009Gy, range\u2009=\u200960\u201390\u2009Gy at the 100% isodose line).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-one patients (11 women, 10 men) benefited from 25 procedures. The mean follow-up period was 5.2\u2009\u00b1\u20093 years (range\u2009=\u20090.9\u201312.1 years). Seventeen (81%) were initially pain-free after GKRS. At three months, six months and one year after radiosurgery, the percentage of patients with good outcome (BNI classes I to IIIA) was 87.6%, 100% and 81.8%, respectively. Ten cases (58.8%) from the initial pain-free ones had a recurrence, after a mean period of 13.6\u2009\u00b1\u200910.4 months (range\u2009=\u20093.1\u201336.6 months). Only three patients (14.2%) had recurrences (two for each one of them) requiring further surgeries. Three patients underwent a second GKRS procedure; one case needed a third GKRS. The former procedures were performed at 7, 17, 19 and 30 months after the first one, respectively. Furthermore, two patients needed additional interventions. At last follow-up, 17 cases (80.9%) were still pain-free without medication. The actuarial pain relief without new surgery was 83%. A transient complication (paraesthesia of the edge of the tongue) was seen in one case (4.8%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GKRS is a valuable, minimally invasive, surgical alternative for idiopathic GPN, with a very high short- and long-term efficacy and without permanent complications. A quality imaging, including T2 CISS\/Fiesta MRI and bone CT acquisitions for good visualisation of the nerve and the other bony anatomic landmarks, is essential for targeting accuracy and successful therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417698961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]],"date-time":"2017-03-17T08:56:39Z","timestamp":1489740999000},"page":"543-550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Gamma Knife radiosurgery for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: A study of 21 patients with long-term follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Pierre-Yves","family":"Borius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Timone Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Universit\u00e9 de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, INSERM U 751, Marseille, France"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Radiosurgery department, Hopital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantin","family":"Tuleasca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Department of Clinical Neurosciencies, Neurosurgery Service and Gamma Knife Center, Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Lausanne (UNIL), Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Muraciole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Timone Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Universit\u00e9 de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, INSERM U 751, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Negretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Radiotherapy Department, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Schiappacasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Radiotherapy Department, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Dorenlot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Timone Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Universit\u00e9 de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, INSERM U 751, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maud","family":"Marguet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Zeverino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Donnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Department, Clinical Neuroscience Federation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Levivier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Department of Clinical Neurosciencies, Neurosurgery Service and Gamma Knife Center, Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Lausanne (UNIL), Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Regis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Timone Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Universit\u00e9 de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, INSERM U 751, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0333102417698961","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2003.00824.x","volume":"24","author":"Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache 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