{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:57:52Z","timestamp":1791320272784,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582675200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet Research Foundation","award":["F-23340-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F-23340-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate clinical characteristics and treatment patterns in persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 100 individuals with persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury were enrolled between July 2018 and June 2019. Deep phenotyping was performed using a semi-structured interview while allodynia was assessed using the 12-item Allodynia Symptom Checklist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 100 subjects with persistent post-traumatic headache, the mean headache frequency was 25.4\u2009\u00b1\u20097.1 days per month. The most common headache phenotype was chronic migraine-like headache (n\u2009=\u200961) followed by combined episodic migraine-like and tension-type-like headache (n\u2009=\u200929) while nine subjects reported \u201cpure\u201d chronic tension-type-like headache. The most frequent trigger factors were stress, lack of sleep, and bright lights. A history of preventive medication use was reported by 63 subjects, of which 79% reported failure of at least one preventive drug, while 19% reported failure of at least four preventive drugs. Cutaneous allodynia was absent in 54% of the subjects, mild in 23%, moderate in 17%, and severe in 6%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The headache profile of individuals with persistent post-traumatic headache most often resembled a chronic migraine-like phenotype or a combined episodic migraine-like and tension-type-like headache phenotype. Migraine-specific preventive medications were largely reported to be ineffective. Therefore, there is a pressing need for pathophysiological insights and disease-specific therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420909865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T00:32:01Z","timestamp":1582763521000},"page":"554-564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury: Deep phenotyping and treatment patterns"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"H\u00e5kan","family":"Ashina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afrim","family":"Iljazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haidar Muhsen","family":"Al-Khazali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sait","family":"Ashina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Comprehensive Headache Center, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rigmor H\u00f8jland","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal Mohammad","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Messoud","family":"Ashina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik Winther","family":"Schytz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"bibr2-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.6.711"},{"key":"bibr3-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-010-0117-7"},{"key":"bibr4-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.6.1225"},{"key":"bibr5-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8111921"},{"key":"bibr6-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0243-8"},{"key":"bibr7-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053"},{"key":"bibr8-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102411428954"},{"key":"bibr9-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413499645"},{"key":"bibr10-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03480010072027"},{"key":"bibr11-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13311"},{"key":"bibr12-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413505236"},{"key":"bibr13-0333102420909865","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90082-Z"},{"key":"bibr14-0333102420909865","unstructured":"Anthony M and Rasmussen BK. Migraine without aura. In: Olesen J, Tfelt-Hansen P, Welch KMA (eds)\n                      The headaches\n                      . 1st edition. 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