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These biomarkers could contribute to chronic migraine classification\/diagnosis, prognosticating patient outcomes, predicting response to treatment, and measuring treatment responses early after initiation. Results show promise for using measures of brain structure and function, evoked potentials, and sensory neuropeptide concentrations for the development of chronic migraine biomarkers, yet further optimisation and validation are still required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Imaging, neurophysiological, and biochemical changes that occur with the progression from episodic to chronic migraine could be utilised for developing chronic migraine biomarkers that might assist with diagnosis, prognosticating individual patient outcomes, and predicting responses to migraine therapies. Ultimately, validated biomarkers could move us closer to being able to practice precision medicine in the field and thus improve patient care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420974359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T13:21:39Z","timestamp":1607606499000},"page":"613-630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["How does the brain change in chronic migraine? Developing disease biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"Pozo-Rosich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Headache Research Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8510-6925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cantabria and Service of Neurology, University Hospital Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd J","family":"Schwedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2009.01941.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2008.01217.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32154-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30322-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","volume-title":"BEST (Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other tools) resource","author":"FDA-NIH Biomarker Working Group","year":"2016","unstructured":"FDA-NIH Biomarker Working Group. 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