{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T11:31:09Z","timestamp":1788780669716,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]],"date-time":"2021-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006093","name":"Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PCS-1504-30133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCS-1504-30133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u201cPain interference\u201d and \u201cheadache impact\u201d refer to negative consequences that pain and headache have on one\u2019s life. This study investigated determinants of these negative impacts in a large patient cohort who have chronic migraine with medication overuse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six hundred and eleven adults were enrolled from 34 headache, neurology, and primary care clinics. Negative consequences of chronic migraine with medication overuse were determined using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference 6b questionnaire and the Headache Impact Test 6. Relationships between PROMIS-6b and Headache Impact Test 6 scores with demographics, headache characteristics, medication use, anxiety symptoms, and depression symptoms were assessed with linear regression. Elastic Net regression was used to develop a multiple regression model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROMIS-6b T-Scores averaged 65.2 (SD 5.4) and Headache Impact Test 6 scores averaged 65.0 (SD 5.3), indicating severe negative consequences of chronic migraine with medication overuse. Chronic migraine with medication overuse interfered with enjoyment of life, concentration, daily activities, doing tasks away from home, and socializing. Depression symptom severity had the strongest relationship with pain interference and headache impact. Moderate-to-severe headache frequency, headache intensity, and anxiety symptoms were also associated with pain interference and headache impact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic migraine with medication overuse is associated with substantial negative consequences, the extent of which is most strongly related to depression symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024211006903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T01:13:09Z","timestamp":1620004389000},"page":"1053-1064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Determinants of pain interference and headache impact in patients who have chronic migraine with medication overuse: Results from the MOTS trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Todd J","family":"Schwedt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soma","family":"Sahai-Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Murinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Department of Neurology, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Birlea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado, Department of Neurology, Denver, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zubair","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Neurology, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Digre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Department of Neurology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Virginia University, Department of Neurology, Morgantown, WV, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Mullally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maike Tiede","family":"Blaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memorial Healthcare, Department of Neurology, Hollywood, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0596-5907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karly","family":"Pippitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred Michael","family":"Cutrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"DeLange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Arizona Healthcare, Department of Neurology, Flagstaff, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard","family":"Schecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Toledo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Toledo, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Rizzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judy","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blue Sky Neurology, Department of Neurology, Denver, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Wald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henry Ford Allegiance, Department of Neurology, Jackson, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa M","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Department of Neurology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent T","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole M","family":"Spare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Neurology, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph G","family":"Hentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teri","family":"Robert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient advocate and educator, Washington, WV, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W","family":"Dodick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the MOTS Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"bibr2-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2012.02223.x"},{"key":"bibr3-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2009.01941.x"},{"key":"bibr4-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.07.002"},{"key":"bibr5-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.02046.x"},{"key":"bibr6-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13613"},{"key":"bibr7-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102411398400"},{"key":"bibr8-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2015.08.035"},{"key":"bibr9-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413485658"},{"key":"bibr10-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-015-0583-8"},{"key":"bibr11-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"bibr12-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200412000-00006"},{"key":"bibr13-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.04.025"},{"key":"bibr14-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-014-0117-0"},{"key":"bibr15-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102418789072"},{"key":"bibr16-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007452"},{"key":"bibr17-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30083-2"},{"key":"bibr18-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pearl TA, Dumkrieger G, Chong CD, et\u00a0al. Impact of depression and anxiety symptoms on patient-reported outcomes in patients with migraine: Results from the American Registry for Migraine Research (ARMR).\n                      Headache\n                      2020; 60: 1910\u20131919.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13911"},{"key":"bibr19-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-017-0728-z"},{"key":"bibr20-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-016-0591-3"},{"key":"bibr21-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2013.12.003"},{"key":"bibr22-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-020-02668-2"},{"key":"bibr23-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-012-1076-z"},{"key":"bibr24-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13021"},{"key":"bibr25-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12534"},{"key":"bibr26-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S165263"},{"key":"bibr27-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01544.x"},{"key":"bibr28-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.09.010"},{"key":"bibr29-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-016-0603-3"},{"key":"bibr30-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2003.03050.x"},{"key":"bibr31-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2003.03206.x"},{"key":"bibr32-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102415625613"},{"key":"bibr33-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007856"},{"key":"bibr34-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016670"},{"key":"bibr35-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-017-3054-y"},{"key":"bibr36-03331024211006903","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13058"}],"container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03331024211006903","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03331024211006903","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03331024211006903","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:49:03Z","timestamp":1777387743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03331024211006903"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03331024211006903"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03331024211006903","relation":{},"ISSN":["0333-1024","1468-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0333-1024","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]]}}}