{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:07:00Z","timestamp":1787018820499,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preschool age (i.e. children under six years of age) represents a red flag for requiring neuroimaging to exclude secondary potentially urgent intracranial conditions (PUIC) in patients with acute headache. We investigated the clinical characteristics of preschoolers with headache to identify the features associated with a greater risk of secondary \u201cdangerous\u201d headache.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a multicenter exploratory retrospective study in Italy from January 2017 to December 2018. Preschoolers with new-onset non-traumatic headache admitted to emergency department were included and were subsequently divided into two groups: hospitalized and discharged. Among hospitalized patients, we investigated the characteristics linked to potentially urgent intracranial conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 1455 preschoolers with acute headache. Vomiting, ocular motility disorders, ataxia, presence of neurological symptoms and signs, torticollis and nocturnal awakening were significantly associated to hospitalization. Among the 95 hospitalized patients, 34 (2.3%) had potentially urgent intracranial conditions and more frequently they had neurological symptoms and signs, papilledema, ataxia, cranial nerves paralysis, nocturnal awakening and vomiting. Nevertheless, on multivariable logistic regression analysis, we found that only ataxia and vomiting were associated with potentially urgent intracranial conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study identified clinical features that should be carefully evaluated in the emergency department in order to obtain a prompt diagnosis and treatment of potentially urgent intracranial conditions. The prevalence of potentially urgent intracranial conditions was low in the emergency department, which may suggest that age under six should not be considered an important risk factor for malignant causes as previously thought.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024231164361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T14:27:20Z","timestamp":1687530440000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Children under 6 years with acute headache in Pediatric Emergency Departments. A 2-year retrospective exploratory multicenter Italian study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Umberto","family":"Raucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Acceptance and General Pediatrics, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9042-8120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"Parisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Chair of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, c\/o Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Acceptance and General Pediatrics, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Margani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Chair of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, c\/o Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Vanacore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Raieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, ISMEP- ARNAS CIVICO, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Bondone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Department of Pediatric Emergency, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Calistri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Unit, Anna Meyer\u2019s Children Hospital, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnese","family":"Suppiej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Department, Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duccio Maria","family":"Cordelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria dell\u2019et\u00e0 Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Savasta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Pediatrica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Papa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.C.D.O. Neuropsichiatria Infantile AOU Maggiore della Carit\u00e0, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Verrotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Orsini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Neurology, Paediatric Department, Pisa University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"D\u2019Alonzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric and Neonatological Unit, Maternal and Child Department, Nuovo Ospedale San Giovanni Battista, Foligno, Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Pavone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Falsaperla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency, AOU Policlinico, PO San Marco, University of Catania, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Velardita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Gravina Hospital, Caltagirone, Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Nacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Acceptance and General Pediatrics, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3336-9205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Papetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Headache Center, Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Department of Pediatric Emergency, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Gio\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Unit, Anna Meyer\u2019s Children Hospital, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Malaventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Drago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department Pro.Mi.Se, G. D'Alessandro University of Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Morreale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Department, Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria dell\u2019et\u00e0 Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Foiadelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Pediatrica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Monticone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Mazzocchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Bonuccelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Neurology, Paediatric Department, Pisa University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency, AOU Policlinico, PO San Marco, University of Catania, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Monte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Headache Center, Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Versace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Department of Pediatric Emergency, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Masi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Unit, Anna Meyer\u2019s Children Hospital, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Di Nardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Chair of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, c\/o Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonino","family":"Reale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Acceptance and General Pediatrics, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Villani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Acceptance and General Pediatrics, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Systems Medicine Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Valeriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Headache Center, Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1983.hed2301010.x"},{"key":"bibr2-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1983.hed2301015.x"},{"key":"bibr3-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1991.1105239.x"},{"key":"bibr4-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2021.03.017"},{"key":"bibr5-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-199702000-00001"},{"key":"bibr6-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2000.00004.x"},{"key":"bibr7-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2000.00029.x"},{"key":"bibr8-03331024231164361","first-page":"217","volume":"39","author":"Le\u00f3n-D\u00edaz A","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev 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permanente per i rapporti tra lo Stato le Regioni e le Province Autonome di Trento e Bolzano","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gazzetta Ufficiale Serie Generale"},{"key":"bibr23-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-005-0168-z"},{"key":"bibr24-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102418781814"},{"key":"bibr25-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2020.10.007"},{"key":"bibr26-03331024231164361","first-page":"863","volume":"9","author":"Manoyana A","year":"2022","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"bibr27-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2022.04.008"},{"key":"bibr28-03331024231164361","first-page":"142","volume":"12","author":"Prezioso G","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"bibr29-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1129-2377-14-79"},{"key":"bibr30-03331024231164361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/00904481-20100623-05"}],"container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03331024231164361","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03331024231164361","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03331024231164361","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:45:53Z","timestamp":1777387553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03331024231164361"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03331024231164361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03331024231164361","relation":{},"ISSN":["0333-1024","1468-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0333-1024","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"article-number":"03331024231164361"}}