{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T19:51:21Z","timestamp":1793994681452,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orthostatic headache (OH) is a common feature of various conditions, including spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), but no precise definition currently exists outlining the typical OH characteristics. This ambiguity risks misdiagnosis with unnecessary investigations and delay in institution of treatment. The present study aimed to carry out structured phenotyping of OH in patients with SIH with the aim of outlining its typical characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eligible patients with clinico-radiological confirmed SIH underwent a structured interview, after which a specialist interest group utilised the modified Delphi process to analyse the data and achieve consensus on defining the typical characteristics of OH in SIH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 137 patients were recruited. OH was present in 75.9%. Typical OH characteristics in SIH were defined as having a baseline severity (lying flat) on waking up of \u22643 (0\u201310, verbal response scale), headache onset-time of \u22644.5\u2005h on becoming upright, time to peak severity of \u22647.5\u2005h and an offset to baseline severity within 1.5\u2005h of recumbency. Intra-individual consistency in the onset and offset-time was deemed a necessary characteristic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Defining typical OH characteristics has the potential of enhancing SIH diagnostics and management, at the same time as minimising unwarranted invasive procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024241308154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T04:11:11Z","timestamp":1736395871000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Defining the typical characteristics of orthostatic headache in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4528-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dwij","family":"Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London (UCL) Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5438-6549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay","family":"Cheema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London (UCL) Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Glover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London (UCL) Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman M.","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indran","family":"Davagnanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salwa","family":"Kamourieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London (UCL) Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parag","family":"Sayal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Toma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susie","family":"Lagrata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London (UCL) Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Joy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSF Leak Association, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Callum","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Dorman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Angus-Leppan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"University of East London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Walkden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Rohrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4960-2294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manjit S.","family":"Matharu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London (UCL) Queen 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