{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:19:13Z","timestamp":1777490353807,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headaches are a worldwide health issue that impact almost all social strata, with a particular effect on the working population, leading to substantial financial cost to society. However, despite their significant socio-professional impact, data on this topic remain scarce in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study aims to assess the prevalence and impact of headaches among workers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From November 2023 to June 2024, we conducted a cross-sectional analytical study of workers at the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Camerounaise de Palmeraie (SOCAPALM), Dibombari plantation I Cameroon. Data were collected using the HARDSHIP (i.e. Headache-Attributed Restriction, Disability and Impaired Participation) questionnaire, with headache impact measured by the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) and Headache-Attributed Lost Time (HALT-90) scores, and quality of life evaluated by the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQoL-8) score. Qualitative variables were compared using chi-squared or Fisher's exact test, and quantitative variables were compared with analysis of variance.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 was considered statistically significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 732 workers participated, 77% were male and they were aged 35.43\u2009\u00b1\u20099.15 years (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD). The 12-month prevalence of headache was 80.4%, with primary headaches being the most common (73%), including 21.7% with tension-type headache (TTH) and 16.9% with migraine. Over the last three months, there were 279 days of absenteeism due to headaches (0.47\u2009\u00b1\u20090.95 days), with migraine accounting for 48.0% of these days (1.08\u2009\u00b1\u20091.24 days). Impact scores (HIT-6 and HALT-90) showed that patients with migraine experienced the most significant effects (53.1% and 34.7%, respectively) and a poorer quality of life (odds ratio\u2009=\u200912.63; 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20097.33\u201321.75;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) compared to general headache and TTH sufferers. Female sex was associated with higher rates of headaches (odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.78; 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20091.05\u20133.02;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headaches affect three-quarters of workers and has a significant socio-professional impact, including a higher rate of absenteeism among those affected. Migraine is the most disabling type of headache among workers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024251343312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T10:28:01Z","timestamp":1747823281000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence and impact of headaches in workers of a palm plantation in Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4557-1002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annick Melanie","family":"Magnerou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Laquintinie Hospital in Douala, Douala, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Sini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de Technologie M\u00e9dicale of Nkolondom, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich Arthur","family":"Nganwa Nono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur des Sciences de la Sante, Universit\u00e9 des Montagnes, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serge Honor\u00e9","family":"Tchoukoua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur des Sciences de la Sante, Universit\u00e9 des Montagnes, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prisca Rolande","family":"Bassole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye clinic of Neurology, Fann teaching Hospital, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Massi Gams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques Narcisse","family":"Doumbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric Lamou","family":"Bila Gueumekane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yacouba","family":"Njankouo Mapoure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"No\u00ebl- Emmanuel","family":"Essomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5456-5267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Callixte","family":"Kuate-Tegueu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Laquintinie Hospital in Douala, Douala, Cameroon"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024241288523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ejihpe12120130"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01748-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192013423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"24","article-title":"Headaches in consultation in the workplace in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): impact on the quality of life and the patient\u2019s professional performance","volume":"36","author":"Bassole PR","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bassole PR, Napon C, Kabore J, et al. Headaches in consultation in the workplace in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): impact on the quality of life and the patient\u2019s professional performance. Afr J Neurol Sci 2017; 36: 24\u201332.","journal-title":"Afr J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","unstructured":"Gobel H. ICHD-3. The International Classification of Headache Disorders. 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Disponible sur: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/headache-disorders. cit\u00e9 8 sept 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","first-page":"20","article-title":"Preventive aspects for migraine and the workplace: a European survey","volume":"24","author":"Vicente HM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vicente HM, Ram\u00edrez I\u00f1iguez dlTM, Reinoso BL, et al. Preventive aspects for migraine and the workplace: a European survey. 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