{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:19:37Z","timestamp":1777490377207,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"VA Headache Centers of Excellence"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive behavioral therapy for headache (CBT-HA) improves headache-related outcomes, but accessibility barriers limit its use. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability and clinical signal of an interactive voice response (IVR)-delivered CBT-HA intervention for veterans with post-traumatic headache (PTH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single-arm pilot trial was conducted with 18 veterans diagnosed with PTH. Participants completed a 10-week IVR-CBT-HA program. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, immediately post-treatment and one-month follow-up. Primary outcomes included changes in headache days, interference, disability, feasibility and acceptability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifteen participants completed the study. Headache frequency, headache-related disability, depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, sleep quality and headache catastrophizing were not statistically significant. Self-efficacy significantly improved from baseline to post-treatment (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">F<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>2,12<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20098.71,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001), and remained stable at follow-up. Participants reported high satisfaction with the intervention (27.73\/32, SD\u2009=\u20095.66) but low system usability (mean\u2009=\u200920.83\/100, SD\u2009=\u200915.72). Study therapists rated the intervention as highly acceptable (acceptability of intervention: mean\u2009=\u20094.83\/5, SD\u2009=\u20090.37) and feasible (feasibility of intervention measure: mean\u2009=\u20094.92\/5, SD\u2009=\u20090.28). Interactive CBT for headache and relaxation training (i.e. iCHART) resulted in an approximately 33% cost savings compared to traditional CBT-HA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Asynchronous, IVR-delivered CBT-HA was feasible, acceptable and cost-effective for veterans with PTH. Although headache reductions were not statistically significant, self-efficacy improvements suggest long-term benefits. Future research should explore technology refinements and larger randomized trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05093556 (registered 26 October 2021)<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024251351598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T13:10:35Z","timestamp":1752498635000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Interactive CBT for headache and relaxation training (iCHART): Single-arm pilot trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for veterans with post-traumatic headache"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4141-9513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy 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