{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T01:45:21Z","timestamp":1789955121699,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is closely linked to migraine and involves variable visual disturbances. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between VSS and migraine, as well as VSS and anisometropia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied 148 patients with VSS (54 males and 94 females, mean age 30.0 years) and 157 control participants. The mean and difference between left and right spherical equivalent refractive values, as well as the presence of migraines, were compared in patients with VSS and healthy controls. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between migraine and symptoms (palinopsia, entoptic phenomena, nyctalopia, photophobia, hyperesthesia and tinnitus) in patients with VSS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with VSS exhibited a greater difference in left and right spherical equivalent refractive values and a higher prevalence of migraine compared to controls. Logistic regression analyses revealed a significant association between migraines and palinopsia. During the follow-up period, we observed spontaneous improvement in symptoms in 10 patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VSS is closely associated with migraine, and anisometropia was more frequent in VSS. The high prevalence of VSS in young individuals may reflect the age-related decline in migraine prevalence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024251360337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T07:47:42Z","timestamp":1753775262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characteristics of visual snow syndrome in Japan and its association with migraine"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6766-2354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukihisa","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Mishima General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan"},{"name":"Research Team for Neuroimaging, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motohiro","family":"Kiyosawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiyugaoka Kiyosawa Eye Clinic, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu050"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14369"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2020.16.4.646"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2180_22"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0315080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.999336"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1997.1701015.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000252808.97649.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.244"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420950454"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25343"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01120.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000377"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008909"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.32.4.444"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1550059421991707"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-014-0458-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","first-page":"333102424129945","article-title":"Exploring the multifaceted characteristics of aura in migraine: a multicenter, cross-sectional study","volume":"44","author":"Volta GD","year":"2024","unstructured":"Volta GD, et al. 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