{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T01:25:07Z","timestamp":1793496307338,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The stigma associated with migraine impacts patients\u2019 quality of life, mental health and their willingness to seek treatment. The present study aimed to gain insights into the stigma from the patient's perspective and to assess migraine knowledge among people without the condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional descriptive, quantitative study used two surveys (survey 1, open April 2023 to July 2023; survey 2, September 2023 to November 2023). The surveys were distributed to local patient organisations across 26 European countries and nine countries in South and North America, Asia and Oceania.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Survey 1 received 3712 answers. Most respondents were women (3444; 92.8%), 45\u201354 years (1090; 29.4%) and experienced severe migraine (2047; 55.1%). Most participants viewed their migraine as disabling (2655; 71.5%) and felt that medical professionals only partially understood (2135; 57.5%). Survey 2 gathered 774 responses, with most of the participants being partners (202; 26.1%), friends (196; 25.3%) or other relatives (110; 14.2%) of individuals with migraine. The significant majority of respondents demonstrated a high understanding of migraine (573; 74.0%) and predominantly recognised migraine as disabling and impacting personal and professional life. Responders felt a high degree of stigma, more from work colleagues and medical professionals than from their social network.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The disabling nature of migraine, combined with the associated stigma, aggravates the challenges faced by patients. There is an urgent need for improved medical education, public awareness campaigns and possible revisions in medical terminology to better support people with migraine and mitigate the stigma they encounter. Importantly, medical professionals need to re-double efforts to check their behaviour to avoid adding to the burden of our patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024251368251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T12:22:02Z","timestamp":1756815722000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Migraine stigma and general knowledge of migraine: A cross-sectional European survey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3260-5904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter J.","family":"Goadsby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR-King's Clinical Research Facility, NIHR-SLaM Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Ruiz de la Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Migraine and Headache Alliance, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette","family":"Maassen van den Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7238-0036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Irimia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Headache Unit, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimos D.","family":"Mitsikostas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Neurology, Aeginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of 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