{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T09:19:18Z","timestamp":1778145558917,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82171208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023YFC2508701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC2508701"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023YFC2508705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC2508705"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Science and Technology Incubation Program of the 983rd Hospital","award":["983YN23F021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["983YN23F021"]}]},{"name":"Joint project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau","award":["No. 2024GGXM002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2024GGXM002"]}]},{"name":"the Research Program of the Chinese Research Hospital Association","award":["Y2023FH-TTYGJZA12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y2023FH-TTYGJZA12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preventing migraine chronification is a key treatment goal, yet environmental and lifestyle contributors remain understudied in Asian populations. We investigated predictors of the transition from episodic migraine (EM) to chronic migraine (CM) in a prospective Chinese clinical-based cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter, prospective study involved 1642 participants with EM meeting ICHD-3 criteria. Baseline characteristics, including environmental factors and psychological scales, were captured via a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS). Longitudinal follow-up was conducted using a web-based mini-program. Risk factors were identified using multi-variable Cox proportional hazards models, validated by LASSO and stepwise regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During a median 6-month follow-up, 47 (2.9%) patients progressed to CM. Multivariable analysis identified anxiety symptoms [Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) score: Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.15, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.06\u20131.25], baseline analgesic use frequency (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.14), and age (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.06) as independent risk factors. Conversely, weekly physical activity duration emerged as a significant protective factor (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45\u20130.98).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anxiety and higher frequency of analgesic use are independent risk factors of migraine chronification in this Chinese cohort, while regular physical activity offers protection. These findings support an integrated management strategy combining psychological intervention, medication education, and exercise therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024261446614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T14:22:38Z","timestamp":1777990958000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Environmental and psychological risk factors for migraine chronification in China: A multicenter prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4000-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Longteng","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force 983rd Hospital, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Medical School of Chinese PLA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2426-295X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Medical School of Chinese PLA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1669-9563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ye","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3519-1746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2964-207X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaolin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"},{"name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingkai","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8908-011X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suiyi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenping","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya Hospital, Central South University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7401-5681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shilun","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuncheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of 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