{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T09:08:27Z","timestamp":1778404107967,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health","award":["K23NS124986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23NS124986"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the relationship between the evolution of continuous headache and headache-related disability in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a single site cross-sectional study using patient-entered questionnaires from children aged 6\u201317 who presented to neurology clinic between November 2022-May 2024 with continuous headache. Participants were categorized as sudden onset (no evolution), rapidly evolved (&lt; 3 months), or gradually evolved (\u2265 3 months) continuous headache. Analysis examined the relationship between the pattern of headache evolution and headache-related disability (PedMIDAS score), accounting for demographic, headache characteristic, and onset factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 751 respondents, 42.5% reported sudden onset, 35.0% rapid evolution, and 22.5% gradual evolution to continuous headache. There was no significant difference in PedMIDAS score in children who reported sudden onset compared to children with rapid (6.9 [\u22122.7, 16.4], p\u2009=\u20090.159) or gradual evolution (10.3 [\u22120.8, 21.3], p\u2009=\u20090.068) of headache onset. Older age (3.3 per year [1.8, 4.8], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and patient reported trigger (17.1 [8.8, 25.5], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) at the onset of continuous headache were both associated with greater headache-related disability, accounting for other covariates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children transitioned to continuous headache quickly, consistent with prior studies. Older children and those who associated onset of continuous headache with a trigger reported higher rates of headache-related disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024261446961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T11:35:33Z","timestamp":1778240133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient reported trigger, not the speed of transition to continuous headache, is associated with headache-related disability in children: Results of a cross-sectional clinic-based study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8894-5708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Sehgal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4786-8889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina L.","family":"Szperka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Hershey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4996-2457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlyn","family":"Patterson Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420920644"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000137039.08724.18"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2004.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.1996.3606349.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024221131331"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024241282803"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100720300052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102411398400"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14643"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.11.2034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"Patterson Gentile C. Continuous headache repository. https:\/\/github.com\/pattersongentilelab\/continuousHA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.8.1032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2002.02124.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","volume-title":"The EQUATOR network reporting guideline platform [Internet]","author":"Elm Ev","year":"2025","unstructured":"Elm Ev, Altman DG, Egger M, et al. The STROBE reporting checklist. In: Harwood J, Albury C, Beyer Jd, Schl\u00fcssel M, Collins G (eds) The EQUATOR network reporting guideline platform [Internet]. The UK EQUATOR Centre, 2025. Available from: https:\/resources.equator-network.org\/reporting-guidelines\/strobe\/strobe-checklist.docx"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","unstructured":"Pennsylvania: 2020. Census https:\/\/www.census.gov\/library\/stories\/state-by-state\/pennsylvania-population-change-between-census-decade.html Accessed."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2023.29.2.197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14678"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2022.0190"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2018-0027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1997.80.1.305"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2015.10.024"}],"container-title":["Cephalalgia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03331024261446961","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03331024261446961","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03331024261446961","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T08:16:51Z","timestamp":1778401011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03331024261446961"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03331024261446961"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03331024261446961","relation":{},"ISSN":["0333-1024","1468-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0333-1024","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"article-number":"03331024261446961"}}