{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T18:53:46Z","timestamp":1793559226314,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]],"date-time":"2006-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ankle sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injuries that occur in athletes, and they have a profound impact on health care costs and resources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A balance training program can reduce the risk of ankle sprains in high school athletes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized controlled clinical trial; Level of evidence, 1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven hundred and sixty-five high school soccer and basketball players (523 girls and 242 boys) were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (27 teams, 373 subjects) that participated in a balance training program or to a control group (28 teams, 392 subjects) that performed only standard conditioning exercises. On-site athletic trainers recorded athlete exposures and sprains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rate of ankle sprains was significantly lower for subjects in the intervention group (6.1%, 1.13 of 1000 exposures vs 9.9%, 1.87 of 1000 exposures; P = .04). Athletes with a history of an ankle sprain had a 2-fold increased risk of sustaining a sprain (risk ratio, 2.14), whereas athletes who performed the intervention program decreased their risk of a sprain by one half (risk ratio, 0.56). The ankle sprain rate for athletes without previous sprains was 4.3% in the intervention group and 7.7% in the control group, but this difference was not significant (P = .059).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A balance training program will significantly reduce the risk of ankle sprains in high school soccer and basketball players.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505284191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,13]],"date-time":"2006-02-13T20:43:51Z","timestamp":1139863431000},"page":"1103-1111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":358,"title":["The Effect of a Balance Training Program on the Risk of Ankle Sprains in High School Athletes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Timothy A.","family":"McGuine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin, Hospital and Clinics, Sports Medicine Center, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James S.","family":"Keene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin, Hospital and Clinics, Sports Medicine Center, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0363546505284191","volume-title":"The foot and ankle"},{"key":"bibr2-0363546505284191","volume-title":"Sprained ankle may not be a minor injury"},{"key":"bibr3-0363546505284191","first-page":"470","volume-title":"Evidence-Based Sports Medicine","author":"Bahr R.","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr4-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00135.x"},{"key":"bibr5-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.27.4.264"},{"key":"bibr6-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.8.2.143"},{"key":"bibr7-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657700500606"},{"key":"bibr8-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079801901002"},{"key":"bibr9-0363546505284191","first-page":"3","author":"Handoll HHG","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr10-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1995.21.2.90"},{"key":"bibr11-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1999.tb00217.x"},{"key":"bibr12-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200003000-00006"},{"key":"bibr13-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173020-00021"},{"key":"bibr14-0363546505284191","first-page":"629","volume":"20","author":"Lassiter TE","year":"1989","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"bibr15-0363546505284191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500126"},{"key":"bibr16-0363546505284191","first-page":"311","volume":"4","author":"McGuine TA","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int Sport Med J"},{"key":"bibr17-0363546505284191","volume-title":"2003-2004 high school sport participation survey"},{"key":"bibr18-0363546505284191","volume-title":"High school basketball players risk injury this season","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr19-0363546505284191","unstructured":"PalmerML, EplerME. 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