{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T15:58:30Z","timestamp":1789747110750,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,15]],"date-time":"2008-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1216080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>United States high school soccer participation increased 5 fold over the last 30 years. With increased participation comes increased injury incidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High school soccer injury patterns will vary by gender and type of exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive epidemiologic study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Soccer-related injury data were collected over the 2005\u20132006 and 2006\u20132007 school years from 100 nationally representative United States high schools via Reporting Information Online (RIO, an Internet-based sports-related injury surveillance system).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participating certified athletic trainers reported 1524 soccer injuries during 637 446 athlete exposures (AEs), for an injury rate of 2.39 per 1000 AEs, corresponding to a nationally estimated 807 492 soccer-related injuries during the 2005\u20132006 and 2006\u20132007 seasons. The injury rate per 1000 AEs was greater during competition (4.77) than practice (1.37) (rate ratio [RR] = 3.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.15\u20133.87). Overall, the most frequent diagnoses were incomplete ligament sprains (26.8%), incomplete muscle strains (17.9%), contusions (13.8%), and concussions (10.8%). The most commonly injured body sites were the ankle (23.4%), knee (18.7%), head\/face (13.7%), and thigh\/upper leg (13.1%). Similar proportions of boys (57.9%) and girls (53.9%) returned to activity in &lt;1 week. During competition, girls sustained complete knee ligament sprains requiring surgery at a rate of 26.4 per 100 000 AEs, higher than the rate among boys during competition (1.98 per 100 000 AEs) (RR = 13.3; 95% CI, 3.15\u201356.35) and among girls during practice (2.34 per 100 000 AEs) (RR = 11.3; 95% CI, 4.31\u201329.58). Player-to-player contact was more common among competition injuries (injury proportion ratio [IPR] = 2.42; 95% CI, 2.01\u20132.92), while noncontact mechanisms were more common among practice injuries (IPR = 2.39; 95% CI, 1.90\u20133.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High school soccer injury patterns vary by gender and type of exposure. Identifying such differences in injury patterns is the important first step in the development of evidence-based, targeted injury prevention efforts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508318047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,16]],"date-time":"2008-07-16T00:09:47Z","timestamp":1216166987000},"page":"1930-1937","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["The Epidemiology of United States High School Soccer Injuries, 2005\u20132007"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Ellen E.","family":"Yard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, and The Ohio State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Schroeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah K.","family":"Fields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Activity and Educational Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christy L.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, and The Ohio State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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