{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:52:08Z","timestamp":1790837528951,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,29]],"date-time":"2011-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311897600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The optimal treatment of posterior cruciate ligament ruptures remains controversial despite numerous recent basic science advances on the topic. The current literature on the anatomy, biomechanics, and clinical outcomes of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is reviewed. Recent studies have quantified the anatomic location and biomechanical contribution of each of the 2 posterior cruciate ligament bundles on tunnel placement and knee kinematics during reconstruction. Additional laboratory and cadaveric studies have suggested double-bundle reconstructions of the posterior cruciate ligament may better restore normal knee kinematics than single-bundle reconstructions although clinical outcomes have not revealed such a difference. Tibial inlay posterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (either open or arthroscopic) are preferred by many authors to avoid the \u201ckiller turn\u201d and graft laxity with cyclic loading. Posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction improves subjective patient outcomes and return to sport although stability and knee kinematics may not return to normal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511416316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,30]],"date-time":"2011-07-30T00:03:03Z","timestamp":1311984183000},"page":"222-231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Posterior Cruciate Ligament"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"James E.","family":"Voos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Clinic of Kansas City, Leawood, Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig S.","family":"Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Wente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Clinic of Kansas City, Leawood, Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell F.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas L.","family":"Wickiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310021101"},{"key":"bibr2-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505279915"},{"key":"bibr3-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.05.004"},{"key":"bibr4-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-005-0686-x"},{"key":"bibr5-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508314415"},{"key":"bibr6-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504273046"},{"key":"bibr7-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465010290020401"},{"key":"bibr8-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507302216"},{"key":"bibr9-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.01.019"},{"key":"bibr10-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.01.017"},{"key":"bibr11-0363546511416316","first-page":"497","volume":"55","author":"Chhabra A","year":"2006","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"bibr12-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503261511"},{"key":"bibr13-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504264896"},{"key":"bibr14-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.11.005"},{"key":"bibr15-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01514"},{"key":"bibr16-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500606"},{"key":"bibr17-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507304665"},{"key":"bibr18-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503258880"},{"key":"bibr19-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509341829"},{"key":"bibr20-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197501000-00033"},{"key":"bibr21-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508328106"},{"key":"bibr22-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0b013e3181eaf8b4"},{"key":"bibr23-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(99)70006-X"},{"key":"bibr24-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280020201"},{"key":"bibr25-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280011801"},{"key":"bibr26-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509333479"},{"key":"bibr27-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-005-0633-x"},{"key":"bibr28-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2003.00318.x"},{"key":"bibr29-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508315897"},{"key":"bibr30-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.90B10.20517"},{"key":"bibr31-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01819"},{"key":"bibr32-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510374452"},{"key":"bibr33-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310062801"},{"key":"bibr34-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2008.11.006"},{"key":"bibr35-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508325664"},{"key":"bibr36-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200704000-00009"},{"key":"bibr37-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2008.10.015"},{"key":"bibr38-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504265005"},{"key":"bibr39-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.00448"},{"key":"bibr40-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-009-0770-8"},{"key":"bibr41-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.08.057"},{"key":"bibr42-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2000.9238"},{"key":"bibr43-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280061101"},{"key":"bibr44-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(03)00399-2"},{"key":"bibr45-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503261717"},{"key":"bibr46-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.06.017"},{"key":"bibr47-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310050701"},{"key":"bibr48-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.00427"},{"key":"bibr49-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505281809"},{"key":"bibr50-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200711000-00004"},{"key":"bibr51-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507299240"},{"key":"bibr52-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509359072"},{"key":"bibr53-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200204000-00002"},{"key":"bibr54-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200907000-00004"},{"key":"bibr55-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0319-z"},{"key":"bibr56-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300030201"},{"key":"bibr57-0363546511416316","first-page":"377","volume":"58","author":"McAllister DR","year":"2009","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"bibr58-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300050301"},{"key":"bibr59-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.08.032"},{"key":"bibr60-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(97)90029-3"},{"key":"bibr61-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506287825"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr62-0363546511416316","first-page":"1241","volume":"87","author":"Noyes FR","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"bibr63-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200206000-00007"},{"key":"bibr64-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310050601"},{"key":"bibr65-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507300061"},{"key":"bibr66-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658601400107"},{"key":"bibr67-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-007-9058-z"},{"key":"bibr68-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505281239"},{"key":"bibr69-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507310077"},{"key":"bibr70-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.80B1.7453"},{"key":"bibr71-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.11.006"},{"key":"bibr72-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200702000-00015"},{"key":"bibr73-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504268039"},{"key":"bibr74-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01365"},{"key":"bibr75-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200406000-00020"},{"key":"bibr76-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2004.11.013"},{"key":"bibr77-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199305000-00008"},{"key":"bibr78-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00991"},{"key":"bibr79-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-006-0192-9"},{"key":"bibr80-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00177"},{"key":"bibr81-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658901700104"},{"key":"bibr82-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199311000-00001"},{"key":"bibr83-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2003.12.017"},{"key":"bibr84-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2003.10.033"},{"key":"bibr85-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.04.014"},{"key":"bibr86-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01366"},{"key":"bibr87-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505282615"},{"key":"bibr88-0363546511416316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.09.012"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0363546511416316","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0363546511416316","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0363546511416316","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:41:38Z","timestamp":1777369298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0363546511416316"}},"subtitle":["Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Outcomes"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,29]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0363546511416316"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546511416316","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5465","1552-3365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5465","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-3365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,29]]}}}