{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T16:39:46Z","timestamp":1793723986408,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,25]],"date-time":"2011-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314230400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the primary passive restraint to lateral patellar dislocation and there is increasing awareness of its role in recurrent lateral patellar instability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Purpose: This study was conducted to prospectively analyze the functional results of a modified MPFL reconstruction technique in recurrent patellar dislocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: Forty-eight patients (51 knees) with at least 3 episodes of lateral patellar dislocation who had been treated with a 6-month rehabilitation protocol were included in this study. All patients practiced sports regularly. Reconstruction was with a semitendinosus tendon using a divergent 2-tunnel technique. Outcome was evaluated with the Kujala, Larsen, modified Lysholm, and Fulkerson outcome scores. Patient satisfaction with range of motion, pain, and sporting activities was also assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Three patients were lost at the final follow-up, giving a follow-up rate of 94%. The mean follow-up was 33 months. There was no patella dislocation postoperatively. The mean Kujala score improved significantly ( P &lt; .01) from 56.7 \u00b1 17.7 (2 \u00d7 standard deviation) preoperatively to 86.8 \u00b1 14.4 postoperatively. The mean Larsen score improved significantly ( P &lt; .01) from 12.4 \u00b1 3.2 to 17.1 \u00b1 2.7. The mean Fulkerson score improved significantly ( P &lt; .01) from 59.2 \u00b1 21.8 to 90.1 \u00b1 14. The mean modified Lysholm score improved significantly ( P &lt; .01) from 57.6 \u00b1 19.6 to 88.1 \u00b1 16.2. Sixty-four percent of patients returned to the same type of sport at the same level, 16% reduced the level or type of sport for reasons unrelated to the surgery, while 20% reduced the level of sport or changed it for reasons related to surgery. Eighty-seven percent were either satisfied or very satisfied with the pain relief achieved. The patellar tilt decreased significantly from a preoperative mean of 11.1\u00b0 to 8.9\u00b0 at the last follow-up ( P = .02). The mean preoperative Insall-Salvati ratio of 1.1 decreased to 1.06, although the change was not significant ( P = .1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: The results of modified MPFL reconstructions are encouraging, with minimal risks of redislocation and an overall patient satisfaction rate of over 80%. These early and medium-term results are comparable with those of other MPFL reconstruction techniques reported in the literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511420079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,25]],"date-time":"2011-08-25T22:31:45Z","timestamp":1314311505000},"page":"2647-2655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":141,"title":["Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction With a Divergent Patellar Transverse 2-Tunnel Technique"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Alfredo Schiavone","family":"Panni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molise University, Science of Health, Orthopaedic Department, Campobasso, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahbub","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation 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