{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:32:39Z","timestamp":1792636359771,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,12]],"date-time":"2012-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteochondral allografts (OCAs) are currently preserved at 4\u00b0C and used within 28 days of donor harvest. The window of opportunity for implantation is limited to 14 days due to a 2-week disease testing protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteochondral allograft tissues stored at 37\u00b0C will have significantly higher chondrocyte viability, as well as superior biochemical and biomechanical properties, than those stored at 4\u00b0C.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Controlled laboratory study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteochondral allografts from 15 adult canine cadavers were aseptically harvested within 4 hours of death. Medial and lateral femoral condyles were stored in Media 1, similar to the current standard, or Media 2, an anti-inflammatory and chondrogenic media containing dexamethasone and transforming growth factor\u2212\u03b23, at 4\u00b0C or 37\u00b0C for up to 56 days. Chondrocyte viability, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen (hydroxyproline [HP]) content, biomechanical properties, and collagen II and aggrecan content were assessed at days 28 and 56. Five femoral condyles were stored overnight and assessed the next day to serve as controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Storage in Media 1 at 37\u00b0C maintained chondrocyte viability at significantly higher levels than in any other media-temperature combination and at levels not significantly different from controls. Osteochondral allografts stored in either media at 4\u00b0C showed a significant decrease in chondrocyte viability throughout storage. Glycosaminoglycan and HP content were maintained through 56 days of storage in OCAs in Media 1 at 37\u00b0C. There were no significant differences in elastic or dynamic moduli among groups at day 56. Qualitative immunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of collagen II and aggrecan throughout all layers of cartilage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteochondral allograft viability, matrix content and composition, and biomechanical properties were maintained at \u201cfresh\u201d levels through 56 days of storage in Media 1 at 37\u00b0C. Osteochondral allografts stored at 4\u00b0C were unable to maintain viability or matrix integrity through 28 days of storage. These findings suggest that storage of OCAs in a defined media at 37\u00b0C is superior to current protocols (4\u00b0C) for tissue preservation prior to transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Storage of OCAs in serum-free chemically defined media at 37\u00b0C can increase the \u201cwindow of opportunity\u201d for implantation of optimal tissue from 14 days to 42 days after disease testing clearance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512458575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,12]],"date-time":"2012-09-12T21:02:06Z","timestamp":1347483726000},"page":"2542-2548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Improved Osteochondral Allograft Preservation Using Serum-Free Media at Body 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