{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T18:42:30Z","timestamp":1788633750188,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,17]],"date-time":"2014-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410912000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability, a large Hill-Sachs lesion is a risk factor for postoperative recurrence. However, there is no consensus regarding the occurrence and enlargement of Hill-Sachs lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the influence of the number of dislocations and subluxations on the prevalence and size of Hill-Sachs lesions evaluated by computed tomography (CT) with 3-dimensional reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence and size of Hill-Sachs lesions were evaluated preoperatively by CT in 142 shoulders (30 with primary instability and 112 with recurrent instability) before arthroscopic Bankart repair. First, the prevalence of Hill-Sachs lesions was compared with the arthroscopic findings. Then, the size of Hill-Sachs lesions confirmed by arthroscopy was remeasured using the previous CT data. In addition, the relationship of Hill-Sachs lesions with the number of dislocations and subluxations was investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hill-Sachs lesions were detected in 90 shoulders by initial CT evaluation and were found in 118 shoulders at arthroscopy. The Hill-Sachs lesions missed by initial CT were 15 chondral lesions and 13 osseous lesions. However, all 103 osseous Hill-Sachs lesions were detected by reviewing the CT data. In patients with primary subluxation, the prevalence of Hill-Sachs lesions was 26.7%, and the mean length, width, and depth of the lesions (calculated as a percentage of the diameter of the humeral head) were 9.0%, 5.3%, and 2.1%, respectively, while the corresponding numbers for primary dislocation were 73.3%, 27.7%, 14.8%, and 7.0%, all showing statistically significant differences. Among all 142 shoulders, the corresponding numbers were, respectively, 56.3%, 20.7%, 11.2%, and 4.8% in patients who had subluxations but never a dislocation; 83.3%, 33.4%, 19.1%, and 7.6% in patients with 1 episode of dislocation; and 87.5%, 46.8%, 22.2%, and 10.2% in patients with \u22652 episodes, all showing statistically significant differences. There were no differences in lesion measurements in relation to the number of subluxations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Computed tomography is a useful imaging modality for evaluating Hill-Sachs lesions except for purely cartilaginous lesions. Hill-Sachs lesions were more frequent and larger when the primary episode was dislocation than when it was subluxation. Among patients with recurrent episodes of complete dislocation, the prevalence of Hill-Sachs lesions is increased, and the lesions are larger.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514549543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,18]],"date-time":"2014-09-18T03:17:18Z","timestamp":1411010238000},"page":"2597-2605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Hill-Sachs Lesions in Shoulders With Traumatic Anterior Instability"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ritsuro","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeto","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Yukioka Hospital, Osaka, 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