{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:22:19Z","timestamp":1789154539883,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]],"date-time":"2016-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469059200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) deformity has been associated with posterior hip instability in adult athletes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine if FAI deformity is associated with posterior hip instability in adolescents, the femoral head-neck junction or acetabular structure in a cohort of adolescent patients who sustained a low-energy, sports-related posterior hip dislocation was compared with that in a group of healthy age- and sex-matched controls with no history of hip injury or pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 12 male patients (mean age, 13.9 years; range, 12-16 years) who sustained a sports-related posterior hip dislocation and underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan after closed reduction. For each patient, 3 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were identified. Femoral head-neck type was assessed by measurement of the alpha angle on the radially oriented CT images at the 12-, 1-, 2-, and 3-o\u2019clock positions. Age, body mass index (BMI), alpha angle at each position, acetabular version, T\u00f6nnis angle, and lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) on the involved hip in the dislocation group were compared with those of the matched controls using a mixed-effects model. A logistic regression analysis using a generalized estimating equation was used to compare the percentage of subjects with cam-type FAI deformity (alpha angle &gt;55\u00b0) in each group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The dislocation and control groups were similar in age distribution and BMI ( P &gt; .05). The mean alpha angles were statistically significantly higher in the dislocation group compared with the control group at the superior (46.3\u00b0 \u00b1 1.1\u00b0 vs 42.7\u00b0 \u00b1 0.6\u00b0; P = .0213), superior-anterior (55.5\u00b0 \u00b1 1.9\u00b0 vs 46.0\u00b0 \u00b1 1.3\u00b0; P = .0005), and anterior-superior (54.9\u00b0 \u00b1 1.5\u00b0 vs 48.9\u00b0 \u00b1 1.0\u00b0; P = .0045) regions. Cam deformity was present in a larger proportion of patients in the dislocation group than in the control group ( P &lt; .0035). An alpha angle greater than 55\u00b0 was present in 16.7% of the dislocation group and 0% of the control group at the 12-o\u2019clock position ( P = .1213), 41.7% versus 0% at the 1-o\u2019clock position ( P = .0034), 58% versus 6% at the 2-o\u2019clock position ( P = .0004), and 25% versus 2.8% at the 3-o\u2019clock position ( P = .0929). Acetabular anteversion was lower in the dislocation group (9.6\u00b0 \u00b1 1.4\u00b0) compared with the control group (15.1\u00b0 \u00b1 0.8\u00b0) ( P = .0068). Mean acetabular LCEA was within a normal range in both groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A significantly higher mean alpha angle from the superior to the anterior-superior regions of the femoral head-neck junction and lower acetabular version were found in adolescents who sustained low-energy, sports-related posterior hip dislocations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516651119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]],"date-time":"2016-06-16T23:10:52Z","timestamp":1466118652000},"page":"2299-2303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Femoroacetabular Impingement Is Associated With Sports-Related Posterior Hip Instability in Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Stephanie W.","family":"Mayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Caetano Munhoz","family":"Abdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Pequeno Principe-Curitiba, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary K.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauryn A.","family":"Kestel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxing","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo N.","family":"Novais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0363546516651119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02341662"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr2-0363546516651119","first-page":"166","volume":"41","author":"Berkes MB","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead 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