{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:40:48Z","timestamp":1777390848423,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The inherent risk of any time loss from physical injury in football has been extensively discussed, with many such injuries having a profound effect on the lives of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football players. However, the incidence of fractures in collegiate football has not been well established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the epidemiology of fractures in NCAA football.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive epidemiology study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fracture data reported in college football during the 2004-2005 to 2013-2014 academic years were analyzed from the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP). Fracture rates per 1000 athlete-exposures, surgery and time loss distributions, injury rate ratios, injury proportion ratios (IPRs), and 95% CIs were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 986 fractures were reported. The rate of competition fractures was larger than the rate of practice fractures (1.80 vs 0.17 per 1000 athlete-exposures; injury rate ratio = 10.56; 95% CI, 9.32-11.96). Fractures of the hand\/fingers represented 34.6% of all injuries, while fibula fractures (17.2%) were also common. A majority (62.5%) of all fractures resulted in time loss &gt;21 days. Altogether, 34.4% of all fractures required surgery, and 6.3% were recurrent. The proportion of fractures resulting in time loss &gt;21 days was higher for fractures requiring surgery than fractures not requiring surgery (85.0% vs 50.7%; IPR = 1.68; 95% CI, 1.53-1.83). The proportion of recurrent and nonrecurrent fractures requiring surgery did not differ (35.5% vs 34.3%; IPR = 1.03; 95% CI, 0.73-1.46); however, recurrent fractures were more likely to require surgery than nonrecurrent fractures when restricted to the hand\/fingers (66.7% vs 27.2%; IPR = 2.45; 95% CI, 1.36-4.44).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fractures in collegiate football were sustained at a higher rate in competition than practice and frequently required extended time lost from participation, particularly among those requiring surgery. Prevention strategies are warranted to reduce incidence and severity of fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517749914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T15:31:50Z","timestamp":1517239910000},"page":"987-994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Incidence, Severity, and Time Loss Associated With Collegiate Football Fractures, 2004-2005 to 2013-2014"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Cairns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eddie K.","family":"Hasty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mackenzie M.","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Ostrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary Y.","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 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