{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:00:52Z","timestamp":1792710052033,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631059200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A paucity of literature exists regarding trajectories of functional and sports-specific recovery after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine if subgroups of patients exist based on the recovery trajectory of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after hip arthroscopy for FAIS in the short-term period and to determine clinical predictors for these subgroups of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospectively maintained repository was queried for patients who had undergone primary hip arthroscopy for the treatment of FAIS between January 2012 and May 2018. Patients who completed the preoperative, 1-year, and 2-year International Hip Outcome Tool\u201312 (iHOT-12) or the Hip Outcome Score Sports Subscale (HOS-SS) were included. The latent class growth analysis (LCGA) and growth mixture models (GMMs) were used to identify subgroups of patients based on trajectories of recovery for the iHOT-12 and the HOS-SS utilizing preoperative, 1-year, and 2-year follow-ups. LCGA and GMM models using 1 to 6 classes for each PRO were performed, and the best-fit model for each PRO was selected. After final model selection, a multivariable multinomial logistic regression was performed, with the largest class being the reference group to determine clinical predictors of subgroup membership.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 443 and 556 patients were included in the iHOT-12 and HOS-SS analyses, respectively. For the iHOT-12, we identified the following 3 subgroups: early progressors (70%), late regressors (22.3%), and late progressors (7.7%). Predictors of late regression were workers\u2019 compensation status, psychiatric history, preoperative chronic pain, and lower preoperative iHOT-12 scores; and late progressors were less likely to participate in sports. For the HOS-SS, we identified the following 4 subgroups: early progressors (47.7%), late regressors (17.4%), late progressors (6.8%), and steady progressors (28.1%). Predictors of less favorable recovery trajectories (late regressors and late progessors) were older age, male sex, back pain, psychiatric history, preoperative chronic pain, greater alpha angle, and lower preoperative HOS-SS scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the growth mixture modeling, 3 natural courses of health-related quality of life (early progression, late regression, and late progression) and 4 natural courses of recovery of athletic function (steady progression, late regression, late progression, and early progression) were identified. Preoperative psychiatric conditions, chronic pain, workers\u2019 compensation status, and lower iHOT-12 scores were predictive of less than favorable trajectories of recovery according to the iHOT-12, and male sex, older age, back pain, preoperative narcotic use, and lower preoperative HOS-SS were predictors of less favorable recovery trajectories according to the HOS-SS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211034511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T11:25:05Z","timestamp":1631100305000},"page":"3250-3260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Natural Course of Recovery After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement According to the International Hip Outcome Tool\u201312 and Hip Outcome Score Sports Subscale"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1313-6025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blake M.","family":"Bodendorfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian M.","family":"Clapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8518-5371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven F.","family":"DeFroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Malloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas D.","family":"Alter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin C.","family":"Parvaresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Chahla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane J.","family":"Nho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03635465211034511","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2018.03.016"},{"key":"bibr2-03635465211034511","first-page":"135","volume":"40","author":"Baron JE","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop 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