{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T19:31:41Z","timestamp":1794684701533,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639353600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012676","name":"national collegiate athletic association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012676","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Updated epidemiology studies examining sports-related concussions (SRCs) are critical in evaluating recent efforts aimed at reducing the incidence of SRCs in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) sports.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the epidemiology of SRCs in 23 NCAA sports during the 2014\/15-2018\/19 academic years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive epidemiology study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SRC and exposure data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics by sport, event type (practices, competitions), injury mechanism (player contact, surface contact, equipment\/apparatus contact), and injury history (new, recurrent). Injury rate ratios (IRRs) were used to examine differential injury rates, and injury proportion ratios (IPRs) were used to examine differential distributions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 3497 SRCs from 8,474,400 athlete-exposures (AEs) were reported during the study period (4.13 per 10,000 AEs); the competition-related SRC rate was higher than was the practice-related SRC rate (IRR, 4.12; 95% CI, 3.86-4.41). The highest SRC rates were observed in men\u2019s ice hockey (7.35 per 10,000 AEs) and women\u2019s soccer (7.15 per 10,000 AEs); rates in women\u2019s soccer and volleyball increased during 2015\/16-2018\/19. Player contact was the most prevalently reported mechanism in men\u2019s sports (77.0%), whereas equipment\/apparatus contact was the most prevalently reported mechanism in women\u2019s sports (39.2%). Sex-related differences were observed in soccer, basketball, softball\/baseball, and swimming and diving. Most SRCs reported in men\u2019s sports (84.3%) and women\u2019s sports (81.1%) were reported as new injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the increasing SRC rates observed in women\u2019s soccer and volleyball during the latter years of the study, these results indicate the need to direct further attention toward trajectories of SRC incidence in these sports. The prevalence of equipment\/apparatus contact SRCs in women\u2019s sports also suggests that SRC mechanisms in women\u2019s sports warrant further investigation. As most SRCs during the study period were reported as new injuries, the prevalence of recurrent SRCs in men\u2019s and women\u2019s ice hockey is also noteworthy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211060340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T10:09:10Z","timestamp":1639390150000},"page":"526-536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Epidemiology of Concussions in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Sports: 2014\/15-2018\/19"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Avinash","family":"Chandran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Datalys Center for Sports Injury Research and Prevention, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian J.","family":"Boltz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Datalys Center for Sports 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Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christy L.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Datalys Center for Sports Injury Research and Prevention, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johna K.","family":"Register-Mihalik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"STAR Heel Performance Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 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