{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T03:55:08Z","timestamp":1782014108311,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692144000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"national center for advancing translational sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54TR001356"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54TR001356"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001279","name":"Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001279","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have transitioned from primarily being used as research instruments to becoming increasingly used in the clinical setting to assess recovery and inform shared decision-making. However, there is a need to develop validated short-form PROM instruments to decrease patient burden and ease incorporation into clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the validity and responsiveness of a shortened version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (Short-WOSI) when compared with the full WOSI and other shoulder-related PROM instruments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was a secondary analysis of data collected as part of an institutional review board\u2013approved, multicenter cohort of 1160 patients undergoing surgical stabilization for shoulder instability. The following PROMs were captured preoperatively and 2 years after surgery: WOSI, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and 36-Item Health Survey (RAND-36). The cohort was split into 2 data sets: a training set to be used in the development of the Short-WOSI (n = 580) and a test set to be used to assess the validity and responsiveness of the Short-WOSI relative to the full WOSI, ASES, SANE, and RAND-36.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Short-WOSI demonstrated excellent internal consistency before surgery (Cronbach \u03b1 = .83) and excellent internal consistency at the 2-year follow-up (Cronbach \u03b1 = .93). The baseline, 2-year, and pre- to postoperative changes in Short-WOSI and WOSI were closely correlated ( r &gt; 0.90), with both demonstrating large effect sizes (Short-WOSI = 1.92, WOSI = 1.81). Neither the Short-WOSI nor the WOSI correlated well with the other PROM instruments before ( r = 0.21-0.33) or after ( r = 0.25-0.38) surgery. The Short-WOSI, WOSI, and SANE scores were more responsive than ASES and RAND-36 scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 7-item Short-WOSI demonstrated excellent internal consistency and a lack of floor or ceiling effects. The Short-WOSI demonstrated excellent cross-sectional and longitudinal construct validity and was similarly responsive over time as the full WOSI. Neither the Short-WOSI nor WOSI correlated with more general shoulder PROMs, underscoring the advantage of using instability-specific instruments for this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465231188975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T09:26:20Z","timestamp":1692177980000},"page":"2850-2857","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development and Validation of a Short-Form Version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Scale (Short-WOSI)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Cale A.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mass General Brigham Sports Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon F.","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"MOON Shoulder Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith M.","family":"Baumgarten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie Y.","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University Sports Medicine Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, 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of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory L.","family":"Cvetanovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University Sports Medicine Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian T.","family":"Feeley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel M.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University Sports Medicine Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drew A.","family":"Lansdown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 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Benjamin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Mair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kentucky Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert G.","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA"},{"name":"Investigation performed at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 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