{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T07:59:22Z","timestamp":1793692762775,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1986,9,1]],"date-time":"1986-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":525916800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A prospective study was done on Indiana University freshman football players to determine if the incidence of lumbar spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis followed the pattern of previous studies. Using x-ray film evalu ation, 145 freshman players were followed through their careers from 1978 to 1983. As in previous studies, a higher percentage (15.2%) of the defect was found than exists in the general population. However, only 2.4% of these players developed the problem in college, a much lower figure than previously found. Affected team members played a variety of positions. In addition to spondylolysis, some other problems, such as spina bifida occulta, were found. Theories on the cause of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis are reviewed, and preventive suggestions such as more careful training and weight lifting are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658601400513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,21]],"date-time":"2007-06-21T20:46:52Z","timestamp":1182458812000},"page":"404-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["Lumbar spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in college football players"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"John R.","family":"McCarroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodist Hospital of Indiana, Inc., Methodist Center for Sports Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Health Center, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merrill A.","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Health Center, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","unstructured":"Batts M. Jr Etiology of spondylolisthesis J Bone Joint Surg 21 879-884, 1939"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657300100307"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657400200201"},{"key":"atypb4","unstructured":"Hadley LA Stress fracture with spondylolysis Am J Roentgenol 90 1258-1262, 1963"},{"key":"atypb5","unstructured":"Hitchcock HH Spondylolisthesis Observation on its development, progression, and genesis J Bone Joint Surg 22 1-16, 1940"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoshina H. Spondylolysis in athletes Physician Sportsmed 3 75-78, 1980","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.1980.11948635"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jackson DW, Wiltse LL Low back pain in young athletes Physician Sportsmed 2 53-57,1974","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.1974.11948097"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jackson DW, Wiltse LL, Civincione RJ Spondylolysis in the female gymnasts Clin Orthop 117 68-73, 1976","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197606000-00008"},{"key":"atypb9","unstructured":"Kono S., Hayasi N., Kashahara G., et al: A study on etiology of spondylolysis with reference to athletic activities J Jpn Orthop Assoc 49 125-133, 1975"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman PH, Stone KH The etiology of spondylolisthesis J Bone Joint Surg 45B. 39-59, 1963","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.45B1.39"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195234020-00020"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198103000-00012"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stewart TD The age, incidence of neural arch defects in Alaskan natives considered from the standpoint of etiology J Bone Joint Surg 34A 937-950, 1953","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195335040-00012"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Troup Jdg The mechanical factors in spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis Clin Orthop 117 59-67, 1976","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197606000-00007"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196244030-00011"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557010-00003"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/036354658601400513","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/036354658601400513","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:38:15Z","timestamp":1777369095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/036354658601400513"}},"subtitle":["A prospective study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1986,9]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/036354658601400513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/036354658601400513","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5465","1552-3365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5465","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-3365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1986,9]]}}}