{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:10:06Z","timestamp":1789164606134,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,11,1]],"date-time":"1989-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":625881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Furuncles (boils) are common among teenagers; how ever, few outbreaks have been documented. We inves tigated an outbreak of furuncles that occurred among male athletes of a Kentucky high school during the 1986 to 1987 school year. The overall attack rate was 25% (31\/124). The risk of developing a furuncle in creased two to three times in those who had skin injury. Athletes who sustained abrasions more than twice per week ( P &lt; 0.01), who had a cut that required bandaging ( P = 0.01), or had an unspecified injury causing a missed practice or game ( P = 0.04) were at increased risk. The risk of developing furunculosis did not appear to be related to contact with fomites, but rather, to contact with furuncles. Although athletes shared com mon areas (showers, locker rooms, practice areas), the attack rates for varsity football (36%) and varsity bas ketball (33%) were four times greater than for nonvars ity teams ( P &lt; 0.01). Players who had a friend with a furuncle were more than twice as likely to also have had a furuncle ( P &lt; 0.01). Exposure to furuncles ap peared to increase the risk of furunculosis independ ently of reported skin injury. Control and prevention should, therefore, focus on both reducing skin injury and reducing exposure to furuncles, rather than at tempting to sterilize inanimate objects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658901700618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,21]],"date-time":"2007-06-21T20:46:52Z","timestamp":1182458812000},"page":"828-832","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["An outbreak of furunculosis among high school athletes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Sosin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Field Services, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Gunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Field Services, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wesley L.","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Kentucky Department for Health Services, Frankfort, Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph W.","family":"Skaggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Kentucky Department for Health Services, Frankfort, Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1989,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658201000611"},{"key":"atypb2","unstructured":"Clarkson S. Coagulase-positive staphylococcus skin infections in a north-central Missouri high school. Missouri Epidemiologist, Division of Environmental Health and Epidemiology Services, Missouri Department of Health, November\/December, 1986"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198703000-00020"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114486"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-196409000-00003"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-97-3-297"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montgomery BJ Pitfalls of eradicating contagious boil epidemic . JAMA 241 444, 1979","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.241.5.444b"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-197709000-00002"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nahmias AJ, Lepper MH, Hurst V., et al: Epidemiology and treatment of chronic staphylococcal infections in the household. Am J Public Health 52: 1828-1843, 1962","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.52.11.1828"},{"key":"atypb10","unstructured":"Pollard JG The staphylococcus plagues a football team. J Am Coll Health 15: 234-238, 1967"},{"key":"atypb11","unstructured":"Seidenfeld S., Martin D. Staphylococcus aureus infections in a high school football team, Fall 1982 Texas Preventable Disease News, Bureau of Epidemiology, Texas Department of Health , April 1, 1983"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-97-3-309"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/036354658901700618","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/036354658901700618","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:36:14Z","timestamp":1777368974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/036354658901700618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,11]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/036354658901700618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/036354658901700618","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5465","1552-3365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5465","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-3365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,11]]}}}