{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:32:26Z","timestamp":1777386746765,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,9,1]],"date-time":"1991-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":683683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated serum levels of lidocaine and bupiva caine following their intraarticular and subcutaneous injection for anesthetic effect in local technique knee arthroscopy. Fifteen patients scheduled for knee ar throscopy, but who were otherwise healthy, were stud ied. Following preparation of the knee, 25 cc of 1% lidocaine with epinephrine (1:100,000) and 25 cc of 0.25% bupivacaine were instilled into the knee joint. An additional 40 cc of the combined solution was used to anesthetize four arthroscopic portal sites from the skin into the joint capsule. The arthroscopic procedure was then performed. We took blood samples 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after intraarticular injection. High- performance liquid chromatography was used to deter mine serum values of the agents. Levels of the anes thetic agents in all of the patients at all time intervals were well within the ranges considered safe. Patient surveys of these and 49 other patients indicated a high degree of satisfaction with the technique. No compli cations from the anesthetic agents were noted at our hospital in over 500 similar cases. We conclude that local anesthesia as described here is a safe and effec tive alternative to conventional anesthetic techniques. Additionally, it can save time in the operating room and reduce patient costs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,21]],"date-time":"2007-06-21T20:46:52Z","timestamp":1182458812000},"page":"499-502","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Serum lidocaine and bupivacaine levels in local technique knee arthroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Garron G.","family":"Weiker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Sports Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Kuivila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Sports Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles E.","family":"Pippinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aberg G., Dhuner KG, Syndes G.: Studies on the duration of local anesthesia Structure\/activity relationships in a series of homologous anesthetics Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 41 432-443, 1977","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02153.x"},{"key":"atypb2","unstructured":"Brown LL: Local anesthetic reactions: Prevention, diagnosis, treatment J SC Med Assoc 70: 359-365, 1974"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00547058"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dusci L., Hackett L. Simultaneous determnation of lidocane, mexiletine, disopyramide, and quinidine in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography J Anal Toxicol 9: 67-70, 1986","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/9.2.67"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Enksson E., Haggmark T., Saartok T., et al: Knee arthroscopy with local anesthesia in ambulatory patients: Methods, results, and patient compliance Orthopedics 9: 186-188, 1986","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19860201-09"},{"key":"atypb6","unstructured":"Halpern AA, Luderer J. Local anesthesia during arthroscopy increases patient awareness of pathology Orthop Today 7 12, 1986"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-198109000-00012"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00433292"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1982.tb01074.x"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658801600317"},{"key":"atypb11","unstructured":"Micromedex: Drug Evaluation. Bupivacaine (publication no BO8-FO9) Denver, CO 1977"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992288302200306"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-197811000-00004"},{"key":"atypb14","unstructured":"O'Donnell J. , Ray J., Clancy W.: Operative arthroscopy under local anesthesia Orthop Trans 9 540, 1985"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(74)90281-6"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03006238"},{"key":"atypb17","unstructured":"Yoshiya S., Kurosaka M., Ohno O., et al: Arthroscopy of the knee under local anesthesia. Am J Sports Med 15: 389, 1987"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/036354659101900514","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/036354659101900514","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:37:03Z","timestamp":1777369023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/036354659101900514"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,9]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/036354659101900514"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/036354659101900514","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5465","1552-3365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5465","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-3365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,9]]}}}