{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:43:00Z","timestamp":1777387380773,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,9,1]],"date-time":"1996-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":841536000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This investigation determined the effect that anterior cruciate ligament graft elongation at the time of surgi cal reconstruction has on the long-term biomechanical behavior of the graft and knee joint. We chose the canine model for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruc tion, using the medial third of the patellar tendon with attached proximal bone block. Elongation of the graft was measured immediately after graft fixation during passive knee flexion using the Hall effect transducer. The dogs were divided into either Group 1 (graft elon gation behavior within the 95% confidence limits of the normal anterior cruciate ligament) or Group 2 (graft elongation behavior more than the 95% confidence limits of the normal anterior cruciate ligament). All of the dogs were sacrificed 18 months postoperatively, and we evaluated anteroposterior load displacement (i.e., anteroposterior laxity) of the knee and the struc tural properties of the graft. The anteroposterior laxity behavior of the reconstructed knees in Group 2 was significantly more than that of Group 1. Group 2 had significantly less linear stiffness of the graft than Group 1. There was no difference in the ultimate failure load and absorbed energy at failure values of the grafts between Groups 1 and 2. The findings from this inves tigation indicate that the graft elongation behavior at the time of reconstruction is a critical factor that influ<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,21]],"date-time":"2007-06-21T20:46:52Z","timestamp":1182458812000},"page":"608-614","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["The Effect of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Elongation at the Time of Implantation on the Biomechanical Behavior of the Graft and Knee"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Harukazu","family":"Tohyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McClure Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce D.","family":"Beynnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McClure Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McClure Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per A.","family":"Renstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McClure Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven W.","family":"Arms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McClure Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BIR-1980-171-212"},{"key":"atypb2","unstructured":"Arnoczky SP Animal model for knee ligament research, in Daniel DM, Akeson WH, O'Conner JJ (eds): Knee Ligaments Structure, Function, Injury and Repair New York, Raven Press, 1990, pp 401-417"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198264020-00011"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659502300105"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00182976"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199404000-00006"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659402200613"},{"key":"atypb8","unstructured":"Blankevoort L., Huiskes R. ACL isometry is not the criterion for ACL reconstruction Trans Orthop Res Soc 16 203, 1991"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100080408"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657900700105"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198163080-00008"},{"key":"atypb12","unstructured":"Daniel DM Principles of knee ligament surgery, in Daniel DM, Akeson WH, O'Conner JJ (eds) Knee Ligaments Structure, Function, Injury, and Repair New York, Raven Press , 1990, pp 411-429"},{"key":"atypb13","unstructured":"Daniel DM, Robertson D., Flood D., et al Fixation of soft tissue, in Jackson DW, Drez D Jr (eds) The Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knee New Concepts m Ligament Repair St Louis, CV Mosby, 1987, pp 114-126"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100115"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199404000-00005"},{"key":"atypb16","unstructured":"Graf B.: Isometric placement of substitutes for the anterior cruciate ligament , in Jackson DW, Drez D Jr (eds) The Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knee New Concepts in Ligament Repair St Louis, CV Mosby, 1987, pp 102-113"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3138583"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hefzy MS, Grood ES, Noyes FR: Factors affecting the region of most isometric femoral attachments Part II The anterior cruciate ligament Am J Sports Med 17 208-216, 1989","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658901700210"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(90)90075-O"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100203"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274010-00020"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500306"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lambert KL: Vascularized patellar tendon graft with rigid internal fixation for anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency. Clin Orthop 172: 85-89, 1983","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198301000-00016"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197153080-00008"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658080-00006"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogata K., Whiteside LA, Andersen DA: The intra-articular effect of various postoperative managements following knee ligament repair: An experimental study in dogs. Clin Orthop 150: 271-276, 1980","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198007000-00046"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658801600307"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659502300314"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658601400512"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100219"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1060-1872(10)80023-1"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199072020-00015"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659001800313"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shino K., Kawasaki T., Horose H., et al: Replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament by an allogeneic tendon graft: An experimental study in the dog. J Bone Joint Surg 66B: 672-681, 1984","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.66B5.6501359"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100060418"},{"key":"atypb36","unstructured":"Tohyama H., Beynnon BD, Fleming BC, et al: Ultimate failure strength is not the only criterion for evaluation of tendon graft fixation. Orthop Trans 18:542-543, 1994"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(92)90005-O"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900303"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(87)90277-6"},{"key":"atypb40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoshiya S., Andrish JT, Manley MT, et al: Graft tension in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. An in vivo study in dogs. Am J Sports Med 15: 464-470, 1987","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500506"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/036354659602400508","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/036354659602400508","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:38:33Z","timestamp":1777369113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/036354659602400508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/036354659602400508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/036354659602400508","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5465","1552-3365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5465","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-3365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]}}}